HomeMahabharataAdi ParvaAdhyaya 1Shloka 147
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Shloka 147

अनुक्रमणिकाध्यायः (Anukramaṇikā Adhyāya) — Invocation, Narrator Frame, and Textual Scope

अमर्षण: स्वयं जेतुमशक्त: पाण्डवान्‌ रणे | निरुत्साहश्व सम्प्राप्तुं सुश्रियं क्षत्रियोडपि सन्‌,राजसूय-यज्ञमें महापराक्रमी पाण्डुपुत्र युधिष्ठिरकी सर्वोपरि समृद्धि-सम्पत्ति देखकर तथा सभाभवनकी सीढ़ियोंपर चढ़ते और उस भवनको देखते समय भीमसेनके द्वारा उपहास पाकर दुर्योधन भारी अमर्षमें भर गया था। युद्धमें पाण्डवोंको हरानेकी शक्ति तो उसमें थी नहीं; अतः क्षत्रिय होते हुए भी वह युद्धके लिये उत्साह नहीं दिखा सका। परंतु पाण्डवोंकी उस उत्तम सम्पत्तिको हथियानेके लिये उसने गान्धारराज शकुनिको साथ लेकर कपट॒पूर्ण द्यूत खेलनेका ही निश्चय किया। संजय! इस प्रकार जूआ खेलनेका निश्चय हो जानेपर उसके पहले और पीछे जो-जो घटनाएँ घटित हुई हैं उन सबका विचार करते हुए मैंने समय-समयपर विजयकी आशाके विपरीत जो-जो अनुभव किया है उसे कहता हूँ, सुनो--

amarṣaṇaḥ svayaṁ jetum aśaktaḥ pāṇḍavān raṇe | nirutsāhaś ca samprāptuṁ suśriyaṁ kṣatriyo 'pi san |

Ardendo de ressentimento, Duryodhana—embora kṣatriya—não conseguiu reunir ânimo para a guerra aberta, pois lhe faltava poder para vencer os Pāṇḍavas no campo de batalha. Enfurecido com a prosperidade suprema de Yudhiṣṭhira exibida no Rājasūya e humilhado pelas zombarias de Bhīmasena ao subir e contemplar o salão esplêndido, resolveu apoderar-se dessa prosperidade por meio do engano, tomando Śakuni de Gandhāra como aliado e escolhendo o caminho tortuoso do jogo de dados. Assim, refletindo sobre a cadeia de acontecimentos que se seguiu a essa decisão, o narrador volta-se para relatar o que foi vivido—muitas vezes contrário às esperanças de vitória—e convida o ouvinte a escutar o relato.

अमर्षणःwrathful, resentful
अमर्षणः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअमर्षण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्वयम्himself
स्वयम्:
Karta
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वयम्
जेतुम्to conquer
जेतुम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootजि
FormTumun (infinitive)
अशक्तःunable
अशक्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअशक्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पाण्डवान्the Pandavas
पाण्डवान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
निरुत्साहःwithout enthusiasm, dispirited
निरुत्साहः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनिरुत्साह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सम्प्राप्तुम्to obtain, to reach
सम्प्राप्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + प्र + आप्
FormTumun (infinitive)
सुश्रियम्excellent prosperity/splendor
सुश्रियम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसुश्री
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
क्षत्रियःa Kshatriya (warrior)
क्षत्रियः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रिय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अपिeven, although
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
सन्being
सन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormŚatṛ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
D
Duryodhana
P
Pāṇḍavas
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
B
Bhīmasena (Bhīma)
Ś
Śakuni
G
Gāndhāra
R
Rājasūya-yajña
S
Sabhā (assembly hall)
D
Dyūta (dice game)
S
Sañjaya (as addressed in the prose context)

Educational Q&A

Unchecked envy and wounded pride can push a person away from righteous, open conduct into deceitful means. The passage contrasts the kṣatriya ideal of facing conflict directly with the adharma of attempting to seize another’s prosperity through fraud (kapaṭa-dyūta), showing how inner vices become the root of large-scale catastrophe.

Duryodhana, angered by the Pāṇḍavas’ success—especially Yudhiṣṭhira’s imperial prosperity—and stung by Bhīma’s mockery in the assembly hall, realizes he cannot defeat them in fair battle. He therefore allies with Śakuni of Gāndhāra and resolves to use a rigged dice game to dispossess the Pāṇḍavas, setting in motion the events that lead toward the great conflict.