Shloka 30

Kāraṇa-vyākhyā: Cosmic Agents, Rudra-Forms, Sense-Purity, and Ānanda-Tāratamya

Devanagari script

गरुड उवाच / रोदनं कुरुते कस्मादुरुसंज्ञो हरे हरः / रुदमुर्वरितं कस्मात्कुरुते और्वाकारकः

Transliteration

garuḍa uvāca / rodanaṃ kurute kasmādurusaṃjño hare haraḥ / rudamurvaritaṃ kasmātkurute aurvākārakaḥ

Translation

Garuda disse: Ó Hari, por que Hara, chamado Uru, causa lamentação? E por que Aurva faz os seres gritarem?

Word by Word

• गरुडः: Garuḍa
• गरुडः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गरुड (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• उवाच: said
• उवाच: Kriya (क्रिया/Verbal action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• रोदनम्: weeping, crying
• रोदनम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रोदन (प्रातिपदिक; √रुद्-धातोः भाववाचक-नाम)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• कुरुते: does, performs
• कुरुते: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

• कस्मात्: from what? why?
• कस्मात्: Hetu/Apadana (हेतु/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: किम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (5th/Ablative), एकवचन; प्रश्नवाचक

• उरु-संज्ञः: having the name ‘Uru’ / called ‘Uru’
• उरु-संज्ञः: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उरु (प्रातिपदिक) + संज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी/कर्मधारय-प्रायः तत्पुरुषः—‘उरु’ इति विशेषणेन ‘संज्ञ’

• हरे: O Hari
• हरे: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन

• हरः: Hara (Śiva)
• हरः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• रुदम्: crying, lament
• रुदम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रुद (प्रातिपदिक; √रुद्-धातोः नाम)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• उर्वरितम्: (unclear) ‘urvarita’-type/so-termed
• उर्वरितम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उर्वरित (प्रातिपदिक; अनिश्चित-रूप, सम्भवतः ‘उर्वर’/‘उर्वरित’ इति)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘रुदम्’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• कस्मात्: from what? why?
• कस्मात्: Hetu/Apadana (हेतु/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: किम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; प्रश्नवाचक

• कुरुते: does, performs
• कुरुते: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

• और्व-आकारकः: one who has/produces the ‘aurva’ form/sound
• और्व-आकारकः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: और्व (प्रातिपदिक) + आकारक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः—‘और्वः आकारः यस्य/येन’ इति

Speaker

Garuḍa (Vinātā-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Hermeneutic inquiry: asking ‘why’ about divine epithets (Uru, Aurva; ruda/rodana) is a legitimate path to understanding deity-function and cosmic causality.

Vedantic Theme: Śravaṇa–manana: knowledge arises through questioning and reflection; names are upādhis pointing toward deeper reality.

Application: Cultivate disciplined questioning in spiritual study; do not accept terms mechanically—seek meaning, context, and ethical implication.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 3.18.26-29 (context for Garuḍa’s questions on Aghora/Sadyojāta/Uru/Aurva)

Characters & Entities

• Garuḍa
• Hari (Vishnu)
• Hara (Shiva)

FAQs

What is the importance of lamentation (rodana) in Garuda Purana?

This verse frames lamentation as a specific phenomenon to be explained in the death-and-afterlife narrative—prompting Vishnu to clarify why distress, crying, and agitation arise around the transition to the preta condition.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

By asking why crying and trembling occur, Garuḍa signals that the soul’s passage is accompanied by fear, confusion, and subtle-body agitation—topics that the Garuda Purana typically connects to karma, separation from the body, and the post-death journey.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Cultivate steadiness through dharma, remembrance of the Divine, and timely rites for the departed—so fear and agitation at death are reduced and the transition is supported by right conduct and family observances.