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Srimad Bhagavatam — Chaturtha Skandha, Shloka 18

Purañjana Goes Hunting — The Chariot of the Body, Violence of Passion, and Return to Conjugal Bondage

नारद उवाच पुरञ्जन: स्वमहिषीं निरीक्ष्यावधुतां भुवि । तत्सङ्गोन्मथितज्ञानो वैक्लव्यं परमं ययौ ॥ १८ ॥

nārada uvāca purañjanaḥ sva-mahiṣīṁ nirīkṣyāvadhutāṁ bhuvi tat-saṅgonmathita-jñāno vaiklavyaṁ paramaṁ yayau

Nārada disse: “Ó rei Prācīnabarhi, assim que Purañjana viu sua rainha deitada no chão, como uma mendicante, seu entendimento, agitado pelo apego, ficou confuso e ele caiu em extrema aflição.”

नारदःNārada
नारदः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootनारद (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular)
पुरञ्जनःPurañjana
पुरञ्जनः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject of main action)
TypeNoun
Rootपुरञ्जन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)
स्व-महिषीम्his own queen
स्व-महिषीम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootस्व (प्रातिपदिक) + महिषी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमासः कर्मधारय ('own' + 'queen'); स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), द्वितीया (Accusative), एकवचन (Singular)
निरीक्ष्यhaving seen
निरीक्ष्य:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootनि + ईक्ष् (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्यय (Absolutive/Gerund), अव्ययभाव (indeclinable verbal), पूर्वकाल (prior action)
अवधुताम्neglected/abandoned
अवधुताम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअवधूत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), द्वितीया (Accusative), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषण (qualifying 'mahīṣīm')
भुविon the ground/on earth
भुवि:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootभू (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), सप्तमी (Locative), एकवचन (Singular)
तत्-सङ्ग-उन्मथित-ज्ञानःwhose understanding was disturbed by that association
तत्-सङ्ग-उन्मथित-ज्ञानः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootतत् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + सङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक) + उन्मथित (उद्+मथ् धातु, क्त-प्रत्यय) + ज्ञान (प्रातिपदिक)
Formबहुपद-तत्पुरुष (determinative chain: 'by that association' + 'agitated' + 'knowledge'); पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषण (of पुरञ्जनः)
वैक्लव्यम्distress/helplessness
वैक्लव्यम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootवैक्लव्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया (Accusative), एकवचन (Singular)
परमम्supreme/utter
परमम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया (Accusative), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषण (of वैक्लव्यम्)
ययौwent/attained
ययौ:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootया (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular)

In this verse the word avadhutām is especially significant, for it refers to a mendicant who does not take care of his body. Since the Queen was lying on the ground without bedding and proper dress, King Purañjana became very much aggrieved. In other words, he repented that he had neglected his intelligence and had engaged himself in the forest in killing animals. In other words, when one’s good intelligence is separated or neglected, he fully engages in sinful activities. Due to neglecting one’s good intelligence, or Kṛṣṇa consciousness, one becomes bewildered and engages in sinful activities. Upon realizing this, a man becomes repentant. Such repentance is described by Narottama dāsa Ṭhākura:

N
Narada
P
Puranjana
P
Puranjana's queen (Mahishi)

FAQs

This verse shows that when one’s knowledge is disturbed by intense attachment, even a single loss can plunge the person into extreme helplessness and grief.

Nārada narrates Purañjana’s lamentation to illustrate, through allegory, how the conditioned soul becomes bound by bodily relationships and then suffers deeply at separation and death.

Cultivate devotional remembrance and inner identity beyond the body so relationships remain loving yet not possessive—reducing anxiety and collapse when change or loss comes.