Vamana Purana — Akhanda Ekadashi Vrata, Shloka 43

Akhaṇḍa-Ekādaśī Vrata and the Vaiṣṇava Protective Hymn; Prelude to the Kātyāyanī–Mahiṣāsura Narrative

Devanagari script

तावपुत्रौ च देवर्षे पुत्रार्थं तेपतुस्तपः बहून् वर्षगणान् दैत्यौ स्थितौ पञ्चनदे जले

Transliteration

tāvaputrau ca devarṣe putrārthaṃ tepatustapaḥ bahūn varṣagaṇān daityau sthitau pañcanade jale

Translation

ਹੇ ਦੇਵਰਿਸ਼ੀ, ਪੁੱਤਰ-ਪ੍ਰਾਪਤੀ ਲਈ ਉਹ ਦੋਵੇਂ ਉੱਤਮ ਤਪ ਕਰਨ ਲੱਗੇ। ਬਹੁਤ ਸਾਲਾਂ ਤੱਕ ਉਹ ਦੋ ਦੈਤ ਪੰਚਨਦ ਦੇ ਜਲ ਵਿੱਚ ਟਿਕੇ ਰਹੇ।

Word by Word

• तौ: those two
• तौ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन

• अपुत्रौ: childless
• अपुत्रौ: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ + पुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नञ्-समाससदृश (prefixal negation), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; तौ इति विशेषण

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय

• देवर्षे: O divine sage
• देवर्षे: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देवर्षि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

• पुत्रार्थम्: for obtaining a son
• पुत्रार्थम्: Prayojana (प्रयोजन/Purpose)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र + अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुषसमास (पुत्रस्य अर्थः/हेतुः), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; प्रयोजनार्थे (for the sake of)

• तेपतुः: performed austerity
• तेपतुः: Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: तप् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, द्विवचन

• तपः: austerity
• तपः: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्म

• बहून्: many
• बहून्: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बहु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; वर्षगणान् इति विशेषण

• वर्षगणान्: groups of years
• वर्षगणान्: Kala-adhikarana (काल-अधिकरण/Time-span)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्ष + गण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुषसमास (वर्षाणां गणाः), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; कालपरिमाण (duration)

• दैत्यौ: the two daityas
• दैत्यौ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दैत्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन

• स्थितौ: remaining/standing
• स्थितौ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject-complement)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्था (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृत् (past participle, क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; दैत्यौ इति विशेषण

• पञ्चनदे: in Pañcanada (land of five rivers)
• पञ्चनदे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पञ्च + नद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्विगुसमास (पञ्च नद्यः यस्मिन्), पुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग-स्थाननाम, सप्तमी, एकवचन; अधिकरण

• जले: in water
• जले: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; अधिकरण

Speakers

• Narrative frame likely Pulastya → Nārada (standard Vāmana Purāṇa dialogue framework; not explicit in input)

Primary Deities

• Indra (Vāsava)

Key Themes

• Tirtha-Mahatmya
• Tapas (austerity)
• Putrakāmeṣṭi / desire for progeny
• Daitya-Deva Conflict (incipient)

Verse Rasa (Emotional Flavour)

{ "primaryRasa": "vira", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Even antagonistic lineages (Daityas) are shown employing Vedic means—tapas in a tirtha—for desired ends; the text underscores the potency of disciplined austerity while foreshadowing that power gained can trigger divine intervention when it threatens cosmic balance.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana?

Primarily Vamśānucarita / narrative of lineages and their deeds (Daitya figures undertaking tapas), with a strong Tīrtha-Māhātmya overlay (place-based sanctity and practice).

What is the symbolic significance?

Pañcanada ‘five rivers’ evokes purification and concentrated sacred power; remaining ‘in the waters’ symbolizes immersion in restraint and liminality—an ascetic posture that can generate siddhi, inviting the Devas’ concern.