Shloka 91

पम्पा

तीर-वर्णनम् / Rama’s Lament at Pampa and the Approach to Rishyamuka

Devanagari script

हिमान्ते पश्य सौमित्रे वृक्षाणां पुष्पसम्भवम्।पुष्पमासे हि तरवस्सङ्घर्षादिव पुष्पिताः।।।।

Transliteration

himānte paśya saumitre vṛkṣāṇāṃ puṣpasambhavam |

puṣpamāse hi taravaḥ saṅgharṣād iva puṣpitāḥ ||

Translation

ਹੇ ਸੌਮਿਤ੍ਰੇ, ਹਿਮਾਂਤ ਦੇ ਅੰਤ ਤੇ ਵੇਖ—ਵ੍ਰਿੱਖਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਪੁਸ਼ਪਾਂ ਦਾ ਉਤਪੱਤਿ-ਸਮੁਦਾਇ ਕਿੰਨਾ ਪ੍ਰਚੁਰ ਹੈ; ਪੁਸ਼ਪ-ਮਾਸ ਵਿੱਚ ਤਰੂ ਜਿਵੇਂ ਆਪਸ ਵਿੱਚ ਮੁਕਾਬਲਾ ਕਰਦੇ ਹੋਣ, ਤਿਵੇਂ ਫੁੱਲਾਂ ਨਾਲ ਲਦ ਕੇ ਖਿੜੇ ਹਨ।

Word by Word

• हिम-अन्ते: at winter’s end
• हिम-अन्ते: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Time-location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हिम (प्रातिपदिक) + अन्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (हिमस्य अन्तः)

• पश्य: see, behold
• पश्य: Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• सौमित्रे: O Saumitri
• सौमित्रे: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सौमित्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

• वृक्षाणाम्: of the trees
• वृक्षाणाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन

• पुष्प-सम्भवम्: the arising/abundance of flowers
• पुष्प-सम्भवम्: Karma (कर्म/Object of पश्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुष्प (प्रातिपदिक) + सम्भव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (पुष्पाणां सम्भवः)

• पुष्प-मासे: in the flower-month (spring)
• पुष्प-मासे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Time)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुष्प (प्रातिपदिक) + मास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (पुष्पाणां मासः = spring month)

• हि: indeed
• हि: N/A (Avyaya)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; emphasis/cause

• तरवः: trees
• तरवः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तरु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• सङ्घर्षात्: from rubbing/competition
• सङ्घर्षात्: Hetu/Apadana (हेतु/अपादान; cause/from)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सङ्घर्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative), एकवचन

• इव: as if
• इव: N/A (Avyaya)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; comparison

• पुष्पिताः: have blossomed
• पुष्पिताः: Karta (कर्ता/Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: पुष्प (प्रातिपदिक) / पुष्प् (नामधातु)
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त/PPP in sense ‘in bloom’), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; predicate of तरवः

Context

'Winter has ended and the season of flowers has set in, O Saumitri! The trees are full of flowers as if competing with one another.

Characters & Entities

• Saumitri (Lakṣmaṇa)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The steady order of seasons hints at satya (truth/order) in creation; dharma aligns human conduct with this larger moral-cosmic order.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma remarks to Lakṣmaṇa on the onset of spring and the profusion of blossoms while journeying in Kishkindhā.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Contemplative clarity—Rāma reads meaning in nature while maintaining resolve.