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Shloka 56

Dharma-śaṅkā-nivāraṇa: Yudhiṣṭhira’s Response on Karma-Phala and Trust in Dharma

व्यसन वास्य काड्क्षेत विवासं वा युधिष्ठिर । अपि सिन्धोगिरिर्वापि किं पुनर्मर्त्यधर्मिण:,महाराज युधिष्ठिर! अथवा शत्रुपर कोई भारी संकट आने या देशसे उसके निकाले जानेकी प्रतीक्षा करे; क्योंकि अपना विरोधी यदि समुद्र अथवा पर्वत हो तो उसपर भी विपत्ति लानेकी इच्छा रखनी चाहिये, फिर जो मरणधर्मा मनुष्य है, उसके लिये तो कहना ही क्या है?

vyasana-vāsya kāṅkṣet vivāsaṃ vā yudhiṣṭhira | api sindho-girir vāpi kiṃ punar martyadharmiṇaḥ ||

ਹੇ ਯੁਧਿਸ਼ਠਿਰ! ਵੈਰੀ ਉੱਤੇ ਆਫ਼ਤ ਆਵੇ ਜਾਂ ਉਹ ਦੇਸ਼ ਤੋਂ ਨਿਕਾਲਿਆ ਜਾਵੇ—ਇਹ ਉਡੀਕ ਵੀ ਰੱਖਣੀ ਚਾਹੀਦੀ ਹੈ। ਕਿਉਂਕਿ ਵਿਰੋਧੀ ਜੇ ਸਮੁੰਦਰ ਜਾਂ ਪਹਾੜ ਵੀ ਹੋਵੇ, ਤਾਂ ਵੀ ਉਸ ਉੱਤੇ ਵਿਪਤਾ ਲਿਆਉਣ ਦੀ ਇੱਛਾ ਰੱਖਣੀ ਚਾਹੀਦੀ ਹੈ; ਫਿਰ ਜੋ ਮਰਨਹਾਰ ਮਨੁੱਖ ਹੈ, ਉਸ ਬਾਰੇ ਕੀ ਕਹਿਣਾ!

व्यसनम्calamity, misfortune
व्यसनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootव्यसन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
अस्यof him/this (enemy)
अस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
काङ्क्षेत्should desire/await
काङ्क्षेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootकाङ्क्ष्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
विवासम्banishment, exile
विवासम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविवास
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
युधिष्ठिरO Yudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिर:
TypeNoun (Proper)
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
अपिeven, also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
सिन्धुःthe sea/ocean
सिन्धुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसिन्धु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गिरिःa mountain
गिरिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगिरि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
अपिeven
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
किम्what?
किम्:
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
पुनःagain; moreover
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
मर्त्यधर्मिणःof one subject to death (a mortal)
मर्त्यधर्मिणः:
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootमर्त्यधर्मिन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
S
sindhu (ocean)
G
giri (mountain)

Educational Q&A

The verse expresses a hard-edged political ethic: in rivalry, one should not passively wait for danger but actively seek the opponent’s weakening—since even vast forces (like sea or mountain) would be treated as adversaries, a mortal human opponent is certainly vulnerable.

Yudhiṣṭhira is speaking in the Vana Parva context, articulating a principle about dealing with enemies—framing exile or calamity as desirable outcomes for an adversary and emphasizing the inevitability of human vulnerability (mortality).