Mahabharata — Udyoga Parva, Shloka 50
Vidura-nīti: Atithi-dharma, Trust, Counsel-Secrecy, and Traits of Sustainable Rule
Udyoga Parva, Adhyāya 38
Devanagari script
कृतज्ञं धार्मिक सत्यमक्षुद्रं दृढभक्तिकम् । जितेन्द्रियं स्थितं स्थित्यां मित्रमत्यागि चेष्यते
Translation
ਮਿੱਤਰ ਉਹ ਹੋਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ ਜੋ ਕ੍ਰਿਤਜ੍ਞ, ਧਾਰਮਿਕ, ਸੱਚਾ, ਉਦਾਰ, ਦ੍ਰਿੜ੍ਹ ਪ੍ਰੇਮ ਵਾਲਾ, ਇੰਦ੍ਰੀਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਜਿੱਤਣ ਵਾਲਾ, ਮਰਯਾਦਾ ਵਿੱਚ ਟਿਕਿਆ ਹੋਇਆ ਅਤੇ ਮਿੱਤਰਤਾ ਨਾ ਛੱਡਣ ਵਾਲਾ ਹੋਵੇ।
Word by Word
कृतज्ञम्grateful
कृतज्ञम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootकृतज्ञ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
धार्मिकम्righteous, virtuous
धार्मिकम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootधार्मिक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सत्यम्truthful
सत्यम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसत्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अक्षुद्रम्not mean; noble, generous
अक्षुद्रम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअक्षुद्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
दृढभक्तिकम्having firm devotion/attachment
दृढभक्तिकम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootदृढभक्तिक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
जितेन्द्रियम्self-controlled (having conquered the senses)
जितेन्द्रियम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootजितेन्द्रिय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
स्थितम्steadfast; abiding
स्थितम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootस्थित
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
स्थित्याम्in propriety/steadiness; within proper bounds
स्थित्याम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootस्थिति
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
मित्रम्a friend
मित्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अत्यागिnot abandoning (friendship); loyal
अत्यागि:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअत्यागिन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
ईष्यतेis desired; should be (chosen/approved)
ईष्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootईष्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada, Active
Speaker
विदुर उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes