Shloka 42

सत्कृताश्च कृतार्थाश्च मित्राणां न भवन्ति ये । तान्‌ मृतानपि क्रव्यादा: कृतघ्नान्‌ नोपभुज्जते

satkṛtāś ca kṛtārthāś ca mitrāṇāṁ na bhavanti ye | tān mṛtān api kravyādāḥ kṛtaghnān nopabhuñjate ||

ਜੋ ਲੋਕ ਮਿੱਤਰਾਂ ਵੱਲੋਂ ਸਤਿਕਾਰ ਪਾ ਕੇ ਅਤੇ ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਦੀ ਮਦਦ ਨਾਲ ਕ੍ਰਿਤਾਰਥ ਹੋ ਕੇ ਵੀ ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਦੇ ਸੱਚੇ ਮਿੱਤਰ ਨਹੀਂ ਬਣਦੇ, ਉਹ ਕ੍ਰਿਤਘਨ ਹਨ। ਅਜੇਹੇ ਕ੍ਰਿਤਘਨਾਂ ਦੇ ਮਰ ਜਾਣ ‘ਤੇ ਵੀ, ਕਿਹਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ, ਲਾਸ਼-ਭੱਖੀ ਜੀਵ ਵੀ ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਦਾ ਮਾਸ ਨਹੀਂ ਖਾਂਦੇ।

सत्कृताःhonored, well-received
सत्कृताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसत्कृत (सत् + कृत)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कृतार्थाःfulfilled, successful (having achieved one’s purpose)
कृतार्थाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकृतार्थ (कृत + अर्थ)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
मित्राणाम्of friends
मित्राणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भवन्तिbecome/are
भवन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
येwho (those who)
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तान्them
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
मृतान्dead
मृतान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमृत (√मृ)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अपिeven, also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
क्रव्यादाःflesh-eaters (carrion-eaters)
क्रव्यादाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्रव्याद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कृतघ्नान्ungrateful (benefit-slaying) persons
कृतघ्नान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकृतघ्न
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
उपभुञ्जतेeat/enjoy/consume
उपभुञ्जते:
TypeVerb
Rootउप + भुज्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Atmanepada

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
F
friends (mitra)
K
kravyāda (carrion-eaters/scavengers)

Educational Q&A

Gratitude and reciprocity are essential to dharma in relationships: one who receives honor and benefit must respond with loyal friendship; ingratitude (kṛtaghnatā) is portrayed as a severe moral corruption.

In Vidura’s counsel during the tense pre-war negotiations of the Udyoga Parva, he condemns those who accept favors yet refuse true friendship, using a stark image—‘even carrion-eaters won’t eat them’—to stress how reprehensible ingratitude is.