Shloka 4

Devanagari script

प ५» | र्ज श्र ली <&ू >2#अर्ीटर या । 202 2 /| जा 2४ 225०.22/+ ८>5<-“+33 0 !--- जवां + हंस उवाच एतत्‌ कार्यममरा: संभश्रुतं मे धृति: शर्म: सत्यधर्मनुवृत्ति: | ग्रन्थिंविनीय हृदयस्य सर्व प्रियाप्रिये चात्मसमं नयीत,परमहंसने कहा--साध्यदेवताओ! मैंने सुना है कि धैर्य-धारण, मनोनिग्रह तथा सत्य- धर्मोंका पालन ही कर्तव्य है; इसके द्वारा पुरुषको चाहिये कि हृदयकी सारी गाँठ खोलकर प्रिय और अप्रियको अपने आत्माके समान समझे

Transliteration

Haṃsa uvāca: etat kāryam amarāḥ saṃbhṛtaṃ me dhṛtiḥ śamaḥ satyadharmānuvṛttiḥ | granthiṃ vinīya hṛdayasya sarvaṃ priyāpriye cātmasamaṃ nayīta ||

Translation

ਹੰਸ ਨੇ ਕਿਹਾ—“ਹੇ ਅਮਰੋ! ਮੈਂ ਇਹੀ ਸੁਣਿਆ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਧੀਰਜ ਧਾਰਨ ਕਰਨਾ, ਅੰਦਰੂਨੀ ਸੰਯਮ ਅਤੇ ਸਤ੍ਯ-ਧਰਮਾਂ ਦੀ ਪਾਲਣਾ—ਇਹੀ ਕਰਤੱਬ ਹੈ। ਹਿਰਦੇ ਦੀਆਂ ਗੰਢਾਂ ਖੋਲ੍ਹ ਕੇ ਮਨੁੱਖ ਨੂੰ ਪ੍ਰਿਯ ਅਤੇ ਅਪ੍ਰਿਯ ਦੋਹਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਆਪਣੇ ਆਤਮਾ ਸਮਾਨ ਸਮਝਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ।”

Word by Word

हंसःthe (parama)hamsa

उवाचsaid

एतत्this

कार्यम्duty; what is to be done

अमराःO immortals (gods)

संभ्रुतम्heard; learned

मेby me / of me

धृतिःsteadfastness; fortitude

शर्मtranquillity; peace

सत्यधर्मानुवृत्तिःfollowing of true dharmas

ग्रन्थिम्knot

विनीयhaving removed/untied

हृदयस्यof the heart

सर्वम्all; entire

प्रियाप्रियेthe pleasant and the unpleasant

चand

आत्मसमम्equal to oneself

नयीतshould lead/consider; should treat

Speaker

हंस उवाच

Characters & Entities

Haṃsa

Amarāḥ (the immortals/gods)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

True duty is to cultivate fortitude (dhṛti), mental restraint (śama), and unwavering truth-based conduct (satya-dharma). When the heart’s inner ‘knots’ of attachment are loosened, one attains equanimity—treating pleasure and pain, like and dislike, with the same regard as one’s own self.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Udyoga Parva’s didactic setting, Haṃsa addresses the ‘immortals’ and states the ethical principle he has learned: inner discipline and truthfulness are the essential obligations, culminating in the spiritual stance of equal-mindedness toward favorable and unfavorable experiences.