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Shloka 16

Ulūka’s Provocation and Keśava’s Counter-Message (उलूकदूत्ये केशवप्रत्युत्तरम्)

मार्जार: किल दुष्टात्मा निश्रेष्ट: सर्वकर्मसु । ऊर्ध्वबाहुः स्थितो राजन्‌ गड्भातीरे कदाचन

mārjāraḥ kila duṣṭātmā niśreṣṭhaḥ sarvakarmasu | ūrdhvabāhuḥ sthito rājan gaṅgātīre kadācana ||

ਰਾਜਨ! ਪ੍ਰਸਿੱਧ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਇੱਕ ਵਾਰ ਇੱਕ ਦੁਸ਼ਟ ਆਤਮਾ ਬਿੱਲਾ, ਜੋ ਹਰ ਕਰਮ ਵਿੱਚ ਨਿਹਾਇਤ ਨੀਚ ਸੀ, ਗੰਗਾ ਦੇ ਕੰਢੇ ਅੱਗੇ ਵਾਲੇ ਪੈਰ ਉੱਪਰ ਚੁੱਕ ਕੇ ਖੜਾ ਰਿਹਾ।

मार्जारःcat
मार्जारः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमार्जार
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
किलindeed, it is said
किल:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकिल
दुष्टात्माevil-souled one
दुष्टात्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुष्टात्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
निश्रेष्टःinactive; not exerting (lit. not striving)
निश्रेष्टः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनिश्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सर्वकर्मसुin all actions
सर्वकर्मसु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसर्वकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
ऊर्ध्वबाहुःwith arms raised upward
ऊर्ध्वबाहुः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootऊर्ध्वबाहु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्थितःstood; was standing
स्थितः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootस्था
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
गङ्गातीरेon the bank of the Ganga
गङ्गातीरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगङ्गातीर
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
कदाचनonce; at some time
कदाचन:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकदाचन

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by 'rājan')
M
mārjāra (cat)
G
Gaṅgā river

Educational Q&A

The verse introduces a moral exemplum: outward displays of austerity or piety can conceal a corrupt nature. Ethical judgment should be based on conduct and intent, not merely on ascetic postures or public appearance.

Sañjaya begins recounting a well-known story: a wicked cat stands on the Gaṅgā’s bank with raised forelegs, adopting the look of a renunciant. The scene sets up a critique of deceptive religiosity and prepares for the cat’s ulterior motive in the ensuing tale.