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Shloka 40

Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 123 — Bhīṣma–Droṇa–Vidura Upadeśa to Duryodhana

Keśava-vākya aftermath

आत्मानं तक्षति होष वनं परशुना यथा । यः सम्यग्वर्तमानेषु मिथ्या राजनू्‌ प्रवर्तते

ātmānaṃ takṣati hoṣa vanaṃ paraśunā yathā | yaḥ samyagvartamāneṣu mithyā rājan pravartate ||

ਵੈਸ਼ੰਪਾਯਨ ਨੇ ਆਖਿਆ—ਹੇ ਰਾਜਨ! ਜਿਵੇਂ ਕੁਹਾੜੀ ਨਾਲ ਜੰਗਲ ਕੱਟ ਦਿੱਤਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ, ਤਿਵੇਂ ਜੋ ਮਨੁੱਖ ਸਹੀ ਚਾਲ ਚੱਲਣ ਵਾਲਿਆਂ ਵਿਚ ਰਹਿੰਦਿਆਂ ਵੀ ਝੂਠੇ ਰਾਹ ਤੇ ਤੁਰਦਾ ਹੈ, ਉਹ ਆਪਣੇ ਆਪ ਨੂੰ ਹੀ ਕੱਟਦਾ ਹੈ।

आत्मानम्oneself
आत्मानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तक्षतिcuts, hews
तक्षति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootतक्ष्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
indeed
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
उषburns
उष:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootउष्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
वनम्forest
वनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
परशुनाwith an axe
परशुना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपरशु
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
यथाas, just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सम्यक्rightly, properly
सम्यक्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम्यक्
वर्तमानेषुamong those who are acting rightly / in right conduct
वर्तमानेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootवर्तमान
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Plural
मिथ्याfalsely, wrongly
मिथ्या:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमिथ्या
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
प्रवर्ततेacts, proceeds, engages
प्रवर्तते:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र+वृत्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
R
rājan (the king, i.e., Janamejaya as addressee)
P
paraśu (axe)
V
vana (forest)

Educational Q&A

Wrong conduct in the midst of right-minded people ultimately harms the doer himself; ethical deviation is self-destructive, like felling a forest with an axe.

Vaiśampāyana continues his instruction to the king (Janamejaya), using a vivid simile to warn that choosing a false path—especially when dharma is evident around one—amounts to cutting down one’s own welfare and integrity.