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Shloka 5

सान्त्व-निति: (Sāntva-Nīti) — The One-Word Principle of Conciliation

यो हि नाभाषते किंचित्‌ सर्वदा भ्रुकुटीमुख: । द्वेष्यो भवति भूतानां स सान्त्वमिह नाचरन्‌

yo hi nābhāṣate kiñcit sarvadā bhrukuṭīmukhaḥ | dveṣyo bhavati bhūtānāṃ sa sāntvam iha nācaran |

ਜੋ ਮਨੁੱਖ ਕਦੇ ਕੁਝ ਨਹੀਂ ਬੋਲਦਾ ਅਤੇ ਸਦਾ ਭੌਂਹਾਂ ਚੜ੍ਹਾ ਕੇ ਰੁੱਖਾ ਮੂੰਹ ਬਣਾਈ ਰੱਖਦਾ ਹੈ, ਉਹ ਇਸ ਲੋਕ ਵਿੱਚ ਸਾਂਤਵ ਦਾ ਆਚਰਨ ਨਾ ਕਰਨ ਕਰਕੇ ਜੀਵਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਨਾਪਸੰਦ, ਦ੍ਵੈਸ਼ਯ ਬਣ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ।

यःwho (he who)
यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आभाषतेspeaks/converses
आभाषते:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-भाष् (धातु)
Formलट्, आत्मनेपद, प्रथम, एकवचन
किञ्चित्anything (a little)
किञ्चित्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
सर्वदाalways
सर्वदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसर्वदा
भ्रुकुटीमुखःone whose face is frowning (with knitted brows)
भ्रुकुटीमुखः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootभ्रुकुटीमुख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
द्वेष्यःhateful/one to be hated
द्वेष्यः:
TypeAdjective
Rootद्वेष्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
भवतिbecomes
भवति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
Formलट्, परस्मैपद, प्रथम, एकवचन
भूतानाम्of beings/creatures (of people)
भूतानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootभूत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
सान्त्वम्gentleness/conciliatory speech
सान्त्वम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसान्त्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
इहhere/in this world
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आचरन्not practicing/observing
आचरन्:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-चर् (धातु)
Formशतृ (वर्तमान कृदन्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

शक्र उवाच

Ś
Śakra (Indra)

Educational Q&A

A harsh, closed demeanor—marked by silence and constant frowning—alienates others. One should practice sāntva: gentle, conciliatory speech and a calming manner, which supports dharma and social goodwill.

Śakra (Indra) is instructing about proper interpersonal conduct, warning that a perpetually scowling person who does not speak becomes disliked because he fails to employ soothing, friendly communication.