Shloka 53

Daṇḍanīti and the King as the Cause of Yuga-Order (दण्डनीतिः राजधर्मश्च युगकारणत्वम्)

Devanagari script

विशालान्‌ राजमार्गाश्न कारयीत नराधिप: । प्रपाश्न विपणांश्नैव यथोद्देशं समाविशेत्‌

Transliteration

bhīṣma uvāca | viśālān rājamārgān kārayīta narādhipaḥ | prapāś ca vipanāś caiva yathoddeśaṃ samāviśet |

Translation

ਨਰਾਧਿਪ ਨੂੰ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਉਹ ਵਿਸ਼ਾਲ ਰਾਜਮਾਰਗ ਬਣਵਾਏ ਅਤੇ ਹਰ ਥਾਂ ਦੀ ਲੋੜ ਅਨੁਸਾਰ ਪਾਣੀ ਦੇ ਛਤਰ (ਪ੍ਰਪਾ) ਅਤੇ ਬਾਜ਼ਾਰ (ਵਿਪਣੀ) ਵੀ ਕਾਇਮ ਕਰੇ।

Word by Word

• विशालान्: large, broad
• विशालान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विशाल
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• राजमार्गान्: royal highways, main roads
• राजमार्गान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजमार्ग
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• कारयीत: should cause to be made / should have made
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (णिच्)
• Form: Optative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada, true

• नराधिपः: the king, ruler of men
• नराधिपः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: नराधिप
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• प्रपाः: water-sheds, drinking places
• प्रपाः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रपा
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Plural

• विपणान्: markets, shops
• विपणान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: विपण
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• एव: indeed, also
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• यथोद्देशम्: according to the locality/region; as per the place
• यथोद्देशम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा + उद्देश

• समाविशेत्: should establish/arrange; should set up
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + विश्
• Form: Optative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma
• King (narādhipaḥ)
• Royal highways (rājamārga)
• Water-stations (prapā)
• Marketplaces (vipanā)