Shloka 1
Śvetadvīpa-varṇana and Śāstra-pravartana (Śānti Parva 322)
नशा न (2) अफन्अत+- > मनुजीने धर्मके दस भेद ये बताये हैं-- धृति: क्षमा दमो3स्तेयं शौचमिन्द्रियनिग्रह: । धीर्विद्या सत्यमक्रोधो दशकं धर्मलक्षणम् ।।
dhṛtiḥ kṣamā damo'steyaṁ śaucam indriyanigrahaḥ | dhīr vidyā satyam akrodho daśakaṁ dharmalakṣaṇam ||
ਧ੍ਰਿਤੀ, ਖ਼ਮਾ, ਦਮ (ਆਤਮ-ਸੰਯਮ), ਸ਼ੌਚ, ਅਸਤੇਯ, ਇੰਦ੍ਰਿਯ-ਨਿਗ੍ਰਹ, ਧੀ (ਸਦਬੁੱਧੀ), ਵਿਦਿਆ, ਸਤ੍ਯ ਅਤੇ ਅਕ੍ਰੋਧ—ਇਹ ਧਰਮ ਦੇ ਦਸ ਲੱਛਣ ਹਨ।
युधिछिर उवाच
Educational Q&A
Dharma is identified through ten practical virtues—inner steadiness, forgiveness, restraint, honesty/non-stealing, purity, sensory discipline, discernment, learning, truthfulness, and freedom from anger—emphasizing character and conduct over mere external observance.
In the Śānti Parva’s Mokṣadharma discourse, a didactic list is presented that defines dharma by its observable ethical qualities, setting the tone for instruction on right living and liberation-oriented values.