Shloka 3

इन्द्रेण वृत्रवधः, ब्रह्महत्याया अनुगमनम्, तथा च विभाजन-निवासविधानम्

Indra’s defeat of Vṛtra; pursuit by Brahmahatyā; allocation of her abodes

Devanagari script

करणे घटस्य या बुद्धिर्घटोत्पत्ती न सा मता । एवं धर्मभ्युपायेषु नान्यधर्मेषु कारणम्‌

Transliteration

karaṇe ghaṭasya yā buddhir ghaṭotpattau na sā matā | evaṁ dharmābhyupāyeṣu nānyadharmeṣu kāraṇam ||

Translation

ਘੜਾ ਬਣਾਉਣ ਵੇਲੇ ਜੋ ਬੁੱਧੀ ਵਰਤੀ ਜਾਂਦੀ ਹੈ, ਘੜਾ ਬਣ ਜਾਣ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਅਦ ਉਹ ਲਾਜ਼ਮੀ ਨਹੀਂ ਮੰਨੀ ਜਾਂਦੀ। ਇਸੇ ਤਰ੍ਹਾਂ ਚਿੱਤ-ਸ਼ੁੱਧੀ ਦੇ ਉਪਾਯਰੂਪ ਯਜ्ञ ਆਦਿ ਧਰਮ, ਆਪਣਾ ਉਦੇਸ਼ ਪੂਰਾ ਹੋ ਜਾਣ ਤੇ, ਮੋਖ਼ਸ਼-ਸਾਧਨਰੂਪ ਸ਼ਮ-ਦਮ ਆਦਿ ਹੋਰ ਉੱਚੇ ਧਰਮਾਂ ਦੇ ਪ੍ਰਤੱਖ ਕਾਰਣ ਨਹੀਂ ਰਹਿੰਦੇ; ਮੋਖ਼ਸ਼ ਲਈ ਤਾਂ ਸ਼ਮ, ਦਮ ਆਦਿ ਵੱਖਰੇ ਗੁਣ-ਧਰਮ ਹੀ ਉਪਾਯ ਹਨ।

Word by Word

• {'karaṇe': 'in the making/doing

• in the process of production', 'ghaṭasya': 'of the pot (ghaṭa)', 'buddhiḥ': 'intelligence, practical understanding, operative know-how', 'yā': 'which', 'ghaṭotpattau': 'upon the arising/production of the pot

• once the pot is produced', 'na': 'not', 'sā': 'that (same)', 'matā': 'considered, held to be', 'evaṁ': 'thus, in the same way', 'dharma-abhyupāyeṣu': 'in the means/expedients that lead to dharma (preparatory religious practices)', 'na-anya-dharmeṣu': 'not (as a cause) in other dharmas

• not for different/other disciplines', 'kāraṇam': 'cause, direct instrument'}

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma
• pot (ghaṭa)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Preparatory religious acts are useful as means (e.g., for purification), but once their intended result is achieved they are not the direct instrument for the next, higher goal; liberation requires its own specific disciplines such as inner calm and self-control.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Shanti Parva discourse, Bhishma instructs Yudhishthira on dharma and liberation, using the analogy of pot-making to distinguish between preliminary practices and the distinct virtues required for moksha.