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Shloka 23

Bhūta-guṇa-saṃkhyāna

Enumeration of the Properties of the Elements and Cognitive Faculties

यथा मत्स्योडद्धिरन्य: स्यात्‌ सम्प्रयुक्तो तथैव तौ । मशकोदुम्बरौ वापि सम्प्रयुक्तो यथा सह

yathā matsyo ’bdhir anyaḥ syāt samprayukto tathaiva tau | maśakodumbarau vāpi samprayukto yathā saha ||

ਜਿਵੇਂ ਮੱਛੀ ਅਤੇ ਸਮੁੰਦਰ ਵੱਖ-ਵੱਖ ਹਨ, ਫਿਰ ਵੀ ਕੁਦਰਤੀ ਸੰਬੰਧ ਨਾਲ ਜੁੜੇ ਰਹਿੰਦੇ ਹਨ—ਉਸੇ ਤਰ੍ਹਾਂ ਉਹ ਦੋਵੇਂ ਹਨ। ਜਾਂ ਜਿਵੇਂ ਮੱਛਰ ਅਤੇ ਉਦੁੰਬਰ (ਗੂਲਰ) ਇਕੱਠੇ ਹੋ ਜਾਣ—ਬਿਲਕੁਲ ਅਸਮਾਨ ਹੋ ਕੇ ਵੀ—ਜੁੜੇ ਰਹਿੰਦੇ ਹਨ।

यथाjust as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
मत्स्यःa fish
मत्स्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमत्स्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उदधिःthe ocean
उदधिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउदधि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अन्यःdifferent, other
अन्यः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्यात्would be / may be
स्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormOptative, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
सम्प्रयुक्तःjoined/associated
सम्प्रयुक्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-प्र-युज्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
तथाso, likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
तौthose two
तौ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
मशकःa mosquito
मशकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमशक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उदुम्बरौtwo udumbara (fig) trees
उदुम्बरौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउदुम्बर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
सम्प्रयुक्तःjoined/associated
सम्प्रयुक्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-प्र-युज्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
यथाas, just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
सहtogether, with
सह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
F
fish (matsya)
O
ocean/sea (abdhi/udadhि)
M
mosquito (maśaka)
U
udumbara (fig tree/fruit)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that association or linkage can exist even between fundamentally dissimilar beings; difference in nature does not prevent a real connection, whether by dependence, proximity, or circumstance.

Vyāsa illustrates a point through vivid comparisons—fish with the sea, and a mosquito with an udumbara—showing how ‘those two’ (previously mentioned in the discourse) are connected despite being unlike.