Shloka 35

जनक-राज्ञः मौण्ड्य-परिव्रज्या-विवादः

Janaka’s Renunciation Questioned; Discourse on Dāna and Detachment

Devanagari script

काषायैरजिनैश्वीरैर्नग्नान्‌ मुण्डान्‌ जटाधरान्‌ । बिभ्रत्‌ साधून्‌ महाराज जय लोकान्‌ जितेन्द्रिय:

Transliteration

kāṣāyair ajinaiś cīraiḥ nagnān muṇḍān jaṭādharān | bibhrat sādhūn mahārāja jaya lokān jitendriyaḥ ||

Translation

ਅਰਜੁਨ ਨੇ ਕਿਹਾ—ਹੇ ਮਹਾਰਾਜ! ਤੁਸੀਂ ਜਿਤੇਂਦ੍ਰੀ ਹੋ ਕੇ ਉਹਨਾਂ ਸਾਧੂਆਂ ਦੀ ਪਰਵਰਿਸ਼ ਕਰੋ ਜੋ ਕਾਸ਼ਾਇ ਬਸਤਰ, ਮ੍ਰਿਗਚਰਮ ਅਤੇ ਵਲਕਲ ਧਾਰਨ ਕਰਦੇ ਹਨ, ਜੋ ਨਗਨ ਰਹਿੰਦੇ ਹਨ, ਜਿਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਦੇ ਸਿਰ ਮੁੰਡੇ ਹੋਏ ਹਨ ਜਾਂ ਜਟਾਂ ਹਨ; ਅਤੇ ਅਜਿਹੀ ਧਰਮਮਈ ਪੋਸ਼ਣਾ ਨਾਲ ਪੁੰਨ ਲੋਕਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਜਿੱਤੋ।

Word by Word

• काषायैः: with ochre robes
• काषायैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: काषाय
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• अजिनैः: with deerskins
• अजिनैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अजिन
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• वीरैः: with (those) heroes / by heroes
• वीरैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: वीर
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• नग्नान्: naked (ones)
• नग्नान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नग्न
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• मुण्डान्: shaven-headed (ones)
• मुण्डान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मुण्ड
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• जटाधरान्: wearers of matted locks
• जटाधरान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: जटाधर
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• बिभ्रत्: bearing / supporting
• बिभ्रत्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: भृ
• Form: शतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• साधून्: holy men / ascetics
• साधून्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: साधु
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• महाराज: O great king
• महाराज: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: महाराज
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• जय: conquer
• जय: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: जि
• Form: Imperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada

• लोकान्: worlds / realms
• लोकान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोक
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• जितेन्द्रियः: self-controlled (having conquered the senses)
• जितेन्द्रियः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जितेन्द्रिय
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

अजुन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Arjuna
• Mahārāja (the king addressed)
• Sādhus/ascetics
• kāṣāya (ochre robe)
• ajina (deer-skin)
• cīra/valkala (bark garment)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

A ruler (or any householder) should practice self-control and uphold dharma by supporting genuine renunciants; such righteous patronage is presented as a means to accrue merit and attain auspicious realms.

What is happening in the narrative?

Arjuna addresses a king and urges him to maintain ascetics distinguished by austere marks—ochre robes, deer-skins, bark garments, nakedness, shaven heads, or matted hair—framing this support as a dharmic act that leads to victory in ‘worlds’ of merit.