Shloka 25

त्रिवर्गविचारः

Tri-varga Deliberation: Dharma, Artha, Kāma

Devanagari script

निष्क्रम्य वनमास्थाय ज्ञानयुक्तो जितेन्द्रिय: । कालाकांक्षी चरत्येवं ब्रह्मभूयाय कल्पते

Transliteration

niṣkramya vanam āsthāya jñānayukto jitendriyaḥ | kālākāṅkṣī caratyevaṃ brahmabhūyāya kalpate ||

Translation

ਭੀਸ਼ਮ ਨੇ ਕਿਹਾ—ਜੋ ਮਨੁੱਖ ਘਰ-ਗ੍ਰਿਹਸਥੀ ਛੱਡ ਕੇ ਜੰਗਲ ਦਾ ਆਸਰਾ ਲੈਂਦਾ ਹੈ, ਗਿਆਨ-ਯੁਕਤ ਅਤੇ ਇੰਦ੍ਰੀਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਜਿੱਤ ਕੇ, ਨਿਯਤ ਮੌਤ ਦੇ ਸਮੇਂ ਦੀ ਸ਼ਾਂਤੀ ਨਾਲ ਉਡੀਕ ਕਰਦਾ ਹੋਇਆ ਨਿਰਵਿਕਾਰ ਤੁਰਦਾ-ਫਿਰਦਾ ਰਹਿੰਦਾ ਹੈ; ਇਸ ਤਰ੍ਹਾਂ ਉਹ ਬ੍ਰਹਮ-ਭਾਵ (ਪਰਮ ਸਿੱਧੀ) ਨੂੰ ਪ੍ਰਾਪਤ ਕਰਨ ਯੋਗ ਹੋ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ।

Word by Word

• निष्क्रम्य: having gone out
• Type: Verb
• Root: निष्क्रम् (धातु)
• Form: ल्यप् (क्त्वान्त/अव्ययीभाव-क्रियाविशेषण), कर्तरि, पूर्वक्रिया

• वनम्: the forest
• वनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• आस्थाय: having resorted to / having taken refuge in
• Type: Verb
• Root: आस्था (आ + स्था) (धातु)
• Form: ल्यप् (क्त्वान्त/अव्ययीभाव-क्रियाविशेषण), कर्तरि, पूर्वक्रिया

• ज्ञानयुक्तः: endowed with knowledge
• ज्ञानयुक्तः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ज्ञानयुक्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• जितेन्द्रियः: one who has conquered the senses
• जितेन्द्रियः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जितेन्द्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• कालाकाङ्क्षी: awaiting the (appointed) time (of death)
• कालाकाङ्क्षी: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कालाकाङ्क्षिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• चरति: he wanders / he lives
• Type: Verb
• Root: चर् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• एवम्: thus
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एवम्

• ब्रह्मभूयाय: for Brahman-state / for becoming Brahman
• ब्रह्मभूयाय: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मभूय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Dative, Singular

• कल्पते: is fit / becomes capable
• Type: Verb
• Root: कॢप् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), Third, Singular, Ātmanepada

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse teaches that one who leaves household attachment, lives in the forest with knowledge and sense-control, and calmly accepts mortality becomes qualified for liberation—attaining Brahman-hood through disciplined detachment.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Bhishma’s instruction on dharma and the stages of life, he describes the renunciant/forest-dweller who departs from home, lives austerely and peacefully, and waits for death without anxiety, thereby progressing toward the highest spiritual goal.