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Shloka 10

The Thirteen Inner Adversaries (Trayodaśa Doṣāḥ): Origins and Pacification

भीष्म उवाच एवमुक्तस्तत: प्राह शाल्मलि: प्रहसन्निव । पवन त्वं च मे क्रुद्धों दर्शयात्मानमात्मना

bhīṣma uvāca evam uktas tataḥ prāha śālmalī prahasann iva | pavana tvaṃ ca me kruddho darśayātmānam ātmanā ||

ਭੀਸ਼ਮ ਨੇ ਆਖਿਆ—“ਹੇ ਰਾਜਨ! ਇਹ ਸੁਣ ਕੇ ਸ਼ਾਲਮਲੀ ਜਿਵੇਂ ਹੱਸਦਾ ਹੋਵੇ, ਬੋਲਿਆ—‘ਹੇ ਪਵਨਦੇਵ! ਜੇ ਤੂੰ ਮੇਰੇ ਉੱਤੇ ਕ੍ਰੋਧਿਤ ਹੈਂ, ਤਾਂ ਆਪਣੇ ਹੀ ਬਲ ਨਾਲ ਆਪਣਾ ਸਰੂਪ ਵਿਖਾ—ਆਪਣੀ ਪੂਰੀ ਸ਼ਕਤੀ ਦਿਖਾ।’”

भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
एवम्thus
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
उक्तःhaving been spoken to / addressed
उक्तः:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPast passive participle (kta), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
प्राहsaid, spoke
प्राह:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र+अह्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
शाल्मलिःthe Śālmali (silk-cotton) tree
शाल्मलिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशाल्मलि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रहसन्laughing
प्रहसन्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र+हस्
FormPresent active participle (śatṛ), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
इवas if, like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
पवनO Wind (Pavana)
पवन:
TypeNoun
Rootपवन
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
FormMasculine/Feminine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
मेof me / my
मे:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
क्रुद्धःangry, enraged
क्रुद्धः:
TypeVerb
Rootक्रुध्
FormPast participle (kta/naṣṭa-type adjectival usage), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
दर्शयshow (you show)
दर्शय:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormImperative, 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
आत्मानम्yourself
आत्मानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आत्मनाby yourself, with your own power
आत्मना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
P
Pavana (Vayu, Wind-god)
Ś
Śālmalī (silk-cotton tree, personified)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how mockery and pride can provoke a display of force, implying an ethical warning: speech should be restrained and humble, because taunting power invites consequences and escalates conflict.

Bhishma narrates that after Pavana speaks, Śālmalī responds with a laugh-like, taunting tone, challenging the Wind-god—if he is truly angry, he should reveal himself and demonstrate his full strength.