Shloka 87
Vyāghra–Gomāyu Saṃvāda (व्याघ्रगोमायु संवाद) — Testing Character Beneath Appearances
Devanagari script
सुदुःखं पुरुषज्ञानं चित्त होषां चलाचलम् । समर्थों वाप्पशड्को वा शतेष्वेकोडधिगम्यते
Translation
ਰਾਜਿਆਂ ਲਈ ਯੋਗ ਮਨੁੱਖ ਦੀ ਪਛਾਣ ਕਰਨੀ ਬਹੁਤ ਔਖੀ ਹੈ, ਕਿਉਂਕਿ ਮਨ ਦਾ ਸੁਭਾਉ ਚੰਚਲ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ। ਸੈਂਕੜਿਆਂ ਵਿੱਚੋਂ ਕੋਈ ਇੱਕ ਹੀ ਐਸਾ ਮਿਲਦਾ ਹੈ ਜੋ ਹਰ ਤਰ੍ਹਾਂ ਸਮਰੱਥ ਹੋ ਕੇ ਵੀ ਸ਼ੱਕ ਤੋਂ ਪਰੇ ਹੋਵੇ।
Word by Word
सुदुःखम्very difficult
सुदुःखम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसुदुःख
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
पुरुषज्ञानम्knowledge/recognition of a man
पुरुषज्ञानम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष-ज्ञान
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
चित्तम्mind
चित्तम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootचित्त
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
होषाम्of kings (reading uncertain in given text)
होषाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनृप
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
चलाचलम्moving and unmoving; fickle/unstable
चलाचलम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootचल-अचल
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
समर्थःcompetent
समर्थः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसमर्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
अपशङ्कःfree from suspicion/doubt
अपशङ्कः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअप-शङ्क
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
शतेषुamong hundreds
शतेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootशत
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
एकःone
एकः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अधिगम्यतेis found/obtained/recognized
अधिगम्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootअधि-गम्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Passive
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes