Shloka 38
Devanagari script
तेन दैवं परं मनन््ये पौरुषं च निरर्थकम् | धार्तराष्ट्राश्न॒ हीयन्ते पार्था वर्धन्ति नित्यश:,इसीसे मैं दैवको उत्तम मानता हूँ और पुरुषार्थको निरर्थक; क्योंकि हम धृतराष्ट्रपुत्र हानि उठा रहे हैं और ये कुन्तीके पुत्र प्रतिदिन उन्नति करते जा रहे हैं
Translation
ਇਸੇ ਕਰਕੇ ਮੈਂ ਭਾਗ ਨੂੰ ਹੀ ਪਰਮ ਮੰਨਦਾ ਹਾਂ ਅਤੇ ਮਨੁੱਖੀ ਜਤਨ ਨੂੰ ਵਿਅਰਥ; ਕਿਉਂਕਿ ਅਸੀਂ ਧ੍ਰਿਤਰਾਸ਼ਟਰ ਦੇ ਪੁੱਤਰ ਘਟਦੇ ਜਾ ਰਹੇ ਹਾਂ, ਤੇ ਪਾਰਥ ਹਰ ਰੋਜ਼ ਵਧਦੇ ਜਾ ਰਹੇ ਹਨ।
Word by Word
तेनby that; therefore
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formneuter, instrumental, singular
दैवम्fate; divine dispensation
दैवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदैव
Formneuter, accusative, singular
परम्supreme; higher
परम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
Formneuter, accusative, singular
मन्येI think; I consider
मन्ये:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootमन् (मन्यते)
Formpresent indicative, ātmanepada, first, singular
पौरुषम्human effort; manly exertion
पौरुषम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपौरुष
Formneuter, accusative, singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
निरर्थकम्fruitless; meaningless
निरर्थकम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनिरर्थक
Formneuter, accusative, singular
धार्तराष्ट्राःthe sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra; Dhārtarāṣṭras
धार्तराष्ट्राः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधार्तराष्ट्र
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
हिindeed; for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
हीयन्तेdecline; suffer loss; are diminished
हीयन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootहा (हियते/हीयते)
Formpresent indicative, ātmanepada, third, plural
पार्थाःthe Pārthas (sons of Pṛthā/Kuntī); Pāṇḍavas
पार्थाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
वर्धन्तिgrow; prosper; increase
वर्धन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootवृध्
Formpresent indicative, parasmaipada, third, plural
नित्यशःalways; continually; day by day
नित्यशः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्यशस्
Speaker
दुर्योधन उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes