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Shloka 19

अर्जुनस्य दिग्विजयारम्भः — Arjuna Initiates the Northern Campaign and Secures Bhagadattta’s Tribute

सर्वातिक्रान्तमर्याद पृष्ठभज़ च चक्रतुः । सम्पूर्णमूर्च्छा बाहुभ्यां पूर्णकुम्भं प्रचक्रतु:,फिर वे सारी मर्यादाओंसे ऊँचे उठे हुए 'पृष्ठभंग” नामक दाँव-पेंचसे काम लेने लगे (अर्थात्‌ एक-दूसरेकी पीठको धरतीसे लगा देनेकी चेष्टामें लग गये)। दोनों भुजाओंसे सम्पूर्ण मूर्च्छा (उदर आदिमें आघात करके मूच्छित करनेका प्रयत्न) तथा पूर्वोक्त पूर्णकुम्भका प्रयोग करने लगे

sarvātikrāntamaryāda pṛṣṭhabhaṅgaṃ ca cakratuḥ | sampūrṇamūrcchā bāhubhyāṃ pūrṇakumbhaṃ pracakratuḥ ||

ਫਿਰ ਉਹ ਸਾਰੀਆਂ ਮਰਯਾਦਾਵਾਂ ਲੰਘ ਕੇ ‘ਪਿੱਠ-ਭੰਗ’ ਨਾਮਕ ਦਾਅ ਵਰਤਣ ਲੱਗੇ—ਅਰਥਾਤ ਇਕ-ਦੂਜੇ ਦੀ ਪਿੱਠ ਧਰਤੀ ਨਾਲ ਲਗਾਉਣ ਦੀ ਕੋਸ਼ਿਸ਼ ਕਰਨ ਲੱਗੇ। ਦੋਹਾਂ ਬਾਂਹਾਂ ਨਾਲ ਉਹ ‘ਸੰਪੂਰਨ ਮੂਰਛਾ’—ਮਰਮ-ਸਥਾਨਾਂ ਉੱਤੇ ਵਾਰ ਕਰ ਕੇ ਬੇਹੋਸ਼ ਕਰਨ ਦਾ ਯਤਨ—ਅਤੇ ‘ਪੂਰਨਕੁੰਭ’ ਵਾਲੀ ਪਕੜ ਵੀ ਅਜ਼ਮਾਉਣ ਲੱਗੇ।

सर्वातिक्रान्तमर्यादाःboth having overstepped all bounds
सर्वातिक्रान्तमर्यादाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्वातिक्रान्तमर्यादा
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
पृष्ठभङ्गम्the 'back-breaking/throw' (wrestling move) called pṛṣṭhabhaṅga
पृष्ठभङ्गम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपृष्ठभङ्ग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
चक्रतुःthey did/they employed
चक्रतुः:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Dual
सम्पूर्णमूर्च्छाम्complete stunning/striking to cause fainting
सम्पूर्णमूर्च्छाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसम्पूर्णमूर्च्छा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
बाहुभ्याम्with (their) two arms
बाहुभ्याम्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबाहु
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Dual
पूर्णकुम्भम्the 'pūrṇakumbha' (wrestling hold/technique)
पूर्णकुम्भम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपूर्णकुम्भ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्रचक्रतुःthey performed/they applied
प्रचक्रतुः:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + कृ
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Dual

श्रीकृष्ण उवाच

Ś
Śrīkṛṣṇa (speaker)
P
pṛṣṭhabhaṅga (wrestling maneuver)
S
sampūrṇamūrcchā (stunning technique)
P
pūrṇakumbha (wrestling hold)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how competitive struggle can slide into adharma when participants ‘cross all limits’ (maryādā). It implicitly contrasts rightful contest with loss of restraint, reminding readers that technique and strength should remain governed by propriety and ethical boundaries.

Kṛṣṇa describes the fight escalating: the two combatants begin using advanced and harsher wrestling maneuvers—trying to slam the opponent’s back to the ground, attempting to stun by striking vital areas, and applying a hold called ‘pūrṇakumbha’—showing the bout has become intense and less restrained.