Shloka 83

Devanagari script

प्रभग्नं बलमेतद्धि योत्स्यमानं जनार्दन । एते द्रवन्ति सगणा: संशप्तकमहारथा:

Transliteration

prabhagnaṁ balam etad dhi yotsyamānaṁ janārdana | ete dravanti sagaṇāḥ saṁśaptaka-mahārathāḥ ||

Translation

ਹੇ ਜਨਾਰਦਨ! ਲੜਦਿਆਂ-ਲੜਦਿਆਂ ਹੀ ਇਹ ਬਲ ਟੁੱਟ ਗਿਆ ਹੈ। ਵੇਖੋ—ਇਹ ਸੰਸ਼ਪਤਕ ਮਹਾਰਥੀ ਆਪਣੇ ਦਲਾਂ ਸਮੇਤ ਭੱਜ ਰਹੇ ਹਨ।

Word by Word

• प्रभग्नम्: broken, routed
• प्रभग्नम्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रभग्न
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• बलम्: army, force
• बलम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: बल
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• एतत्: this
• एतत्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• हि: indeed, for
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि

• योत्स्यमानम्: about to fight, fighting (future passive participle)
• योत्स्यमानम्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: युध्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• जनार्दन: O Janardana (Krishna)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जनार्दन
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• एते: these (men)
• एते: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• द्रवन्ति: run, flee
• Type: Verb
• Root: द्रु
• Form: Present, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

• सगणाः: with their groups/retinues
• सगणाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सगण
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• संशप्तक: the Samsaptaka (vowed band)
• Type: Noun
• Root: संशप्तक
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• महारथाः: great chariot-warriors
• महारथाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: महारथ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Janārdana (Kṛṣṇa)
• Saṁśaptaka mahārathas

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even formidable strength and solemn vows can collapse when courage, cohesion, and righteous momentum fail; in war, ethical resolve and disciplined unity matter as much as numbers and reputation.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports to Kṛṣṇa (addressed as Janārdana) that the opposing force has been routed mid-battle, and that the elite Saṁśaptaka chariot-warriors—despite their famed vow—are retreating with their contingents.