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Shloka 8

Yudhiṣṭhira–Droṇa Saṃgrāma

Engagement and Countermeasures

यत्‌ तु कार्य भवेत्‌ कार्य कर्मणा तत्‌ समाचर । हीनचेष्टस्य यः: शोक: स हि शत्रुर्धनंजय,'जो कार्य करना हो, उसे प्रयत्नपूर्वक करो। धनंजय! उद्योगहीन मनुष्यका जो शोक है, वह उसके लिये शत्रुके समान है

yat tu kāryaṁ bhavet kāryaṁ karmaṇā tat samācara | hīnaceṣṭasya yaḥ śokaḥ sa hi śatrur dhanañjaya ||

ਸੰਜਯ ਬੋਲਿਆ— ਜੋ ਕੰਮ ਕਰਨਯੋਗ ਹੋਵੇ, ਉਸ ਨੂੰ ਦ੍ਰਿੜ੍ਹ ਯਤਨ ਨਾਲ ਕਰਮ ਰੂਪ ਵਿੱਚ ਕਰ। ਹੇ ਧਨੰਜਯ, ਜੋ ਮਨੁੱਖ ਉੱਦਮ ਵਿੱਚ ਢਿੱਲਾ ਹੈ, ਉਸ ਦਾ ਸ਼ੋਕ ਉਸ ਲਈ ਸੱਚਮੁੱਚ ਸ਼ਤਰੂ ਵਰਗਾ ਹੋ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ।

यत्whatever (that which)
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
कार्यंa task; what is to be done
कार्यं:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकार्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
भवेत्may be/is to be
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormOptative (Vidhi-ling), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
कार्यंthe task (to be done)
कार्यं:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकार्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कर्मणाby action/effort
कर्मणा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
तत्that (same task)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
समाचरperform; carry out
समाचर:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-चर्
FormImperative (Lot), 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
हीनचेष्टस्यof one whose effort is lacking (inactive)
हीनचेष्टस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootहीनचेष्ट
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
यःwhich/that (who/that)
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शोकःgrief
शोकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशोक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःthat (it)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
शत्रुःenemy
शत्रुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धनंजयO Dhanañjaya (Arjuna)
धनंजय:
TypeNoun (Proper/epithet)
Rootधनंजय
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
D
Dhanañjaya (Arjuna)

Educational Q&A

One should carry out one’s necessary duty through decisive action; lack of effort breeds sorrow, and that sorrow functions like an enemy by weakening courage, clarity, and effectiveness.

In the Drona Parva war-reporting frame, Sañjaya addresses Dhanañjaya (Arjuna) with a maxim urging purposeful action and warning that despondency born of inactivity becomes a hostile force during critical moments of battle and duty.