Shloka 47

गौरुडव्यूह-रचना तथा अर्धचन्द्र-प्रत्यव्यूह

Garuḍa Array and the Ardhacandra Counter-Formation

Devanagari script

दृष्टवा तु पार्थिवै: सर्वैर्दुयोधनपुरोगमै:

Transliteration

dṛṣṭvā tu pārthivaiḥ sarvair duryodhana-purogamaiḥ

Translation

ਪਰ ਜਦੋਂ ਦੁਰਯੋਧਨ ਨੂੰ ਅੱਗੇ ਰੱਖ ਕੇ ਸਾਰੇ ਰਾਜਿਆਂ ਨੇ (ਉਹ ਦ੍ਰਿਸ਼) ਵੇਖਿਆ, …

Word by Word

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), परस्मैपद-भाव (gerund, voice-neutral in usage)

• तु: but/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• पार्थिवैः: by the kings
• पार्थिवैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्थिव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• सर्वैः: by all
• सर्वैः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• दुर्योधनपुरोगमैः: with Duryodhana at the head (led by Duryodhana)
• दुर्योधनपुरोगमैः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दुर्योधनपुरोगम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Duryodhana
• pārthivāḥ (kings/rulers)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The line highlights how collective action in war often follows the lead of a dominant figure: the kings are portrayed as moving and reacting under Duryodhana’s leadership, suggesting the ethical weight of leadership and the responsibility borne by those who guide others into conflict.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya narrates that all the assembled rulers on the Kaurava side, with Duryodhana in the lead, see a significant development on the battlefield; the verse is a transitional half-line setting up their ensuing reaction in the next verse.