Shloka 51

भीष्मविक्रमदर्शनं तथा क्रौञ्चारुणव्यूहविधानम् | Bhīṣma’s Ascendancy and the Organization of the Krauñcāruṇa Formation

Devanagari script

बुद्धया विशुद्धया युक्तो धृत्या55त्मानं नियम्य च | शब्दादीन्‌ विषयांस्त्यकत्वा रागद्वेषौ व्युदस्य च

Transliteration

arjuna uvāca | buddhyā viśuddhayā yukto dhṛtyātmānaṃ niyamya ca | śabdādīn viṣayāṃs tyaktvā rāgadveṣau vyudasya ca ||

Translation

ਸ਼ੁੱਧ ਬੁੱਧੀ ਨਾਲ ਯੁਕਤ ਹੋ ਕੇ ਅਤੇ ਧੀਰਜ ਨਾਲ ਆਪਣੇ ਆਪ ਨੂੰ ਸੰਯਮ ਵਿੱਚ ਰੱਖ ਕੇ, ਸ਼ਬਦ ਆਦਿ ਵਿਸ਼ਿਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਤਿਆਗ ਕੇ ਅਤੇ ਰਾਗ-ਦ੍ਵੈਸ਼ ਨੂੰ ਦੂਰ ਕਰ ਕੇ (ਆਚਰਨ ਕਰਨਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ)।

Word by Word

• बुद्धया: by/with intellect
• बुद्धया: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: बुद्धि
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Singular

• विशुद्धया: pure
• विशुद्धया: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विशुद्ध
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Singular

• युक्तः: endowed/connected
• युक्तः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: युक्त
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• धृत्या: by/with steadfastness
• धृत्या: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: धृति
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Singular

• आत्मानम्: the self
• आत्मानम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: आत्मन्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• नियम्य: having restrained
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि-यम्
• Form: Absolutive (Gerund)

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• शब्दादीन्: sound etc. (sense-objects)
• शब्दादीन्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शब्दादि
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• विषयान्: objects (of senses)
• विषयान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: विषय
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• त्यक्त्वा: having abandoned
• Type: Verb
• Root: त्यज्
• Form: Absolutive (Gerund)

• रागद्वेषौ: attachment and aversion
• रागद्वेषौ: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रागद्वेष
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Dual

• व्युदस्य: having cast away/removed
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-उद्-अस् (व्युदस्)
• Form: Absolutive (Gerund)

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

Speaker

अजुन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Arjuna

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse teaches that spiritual and ethical steadiness begins with inner governance: purify discernment (buddhi), apply fortitude (dhṛti) to restrain the self, renounce fixation on sense-objects, and uproot the reactive pair of attachment and aversion (rāga–dveṣa).

What is happening in the narrative?

Arjuna is speaking and articulating a discipline-oriented ideal: the qualities and practices by which a person becomes fit for higher realization—self-restraint, withdrawal from sensory compulsions, and freedom from emotional partialities.