Shloka 14
भीष्मविक्रमदर्शनं तथा क्रौञ्चारुणव्यूहविधानम् | Bhīṣma’s Ascendancy and the Organization of the Krauñcāruṇa Formation
हे महाबाहो! सम्पूर्ण कर्मोकी सिद्धिके ये पाँच हेतु कर्मोंका अन्त करनेके लिये उपाय बतलानेवाले सांख्य-शास्त्रमें कहे गये हैं, उनको तू मुझसे भलीभाँति जान ।।
adhiṣṭhānaṃ tathā kartā karaṇaṃ ca pṛthagvidham | vividhāś ca pṛthakceṣṭā daivaṃ caivātra pañcamam ||
ਅਧਿਸ਼ਠਾਨ (ਦੇਹ-ਆਸਰਾ), ਕਰਤਾ, ਵੱਖ-ਵੱਖ ਕਿਸਮ ਦੇ ਕਰਣ (ਇੰਦ੍ਰੀਆਂ-ਮਨ-ਉਪਕਰਣ), ਅਨੇਕਾਂ ਤਰ੍ਹਾਂ ਦੀਆਂ ਅਲੱਗ ਅਲੱਗ ਚੇਸ਼ਟਾਵਾਂ—ਅਤੇ ਪੰਜਵਾਂ ਦੈਵ; ਕਰਮ-ਸਿੱਧੀ ਲਈ ਇਹ ਪੰਜ ਹੇਤੂ ਹਨ।
अजुन उवाच
Educational Q&A
Any action succeeds through five contributing causes—basis (adhiṣṭhāna), agent (kartā), instruments (karaṇa), distinct efforts (ceṣṭā), and the divine/destiny factor (daiva). This frames ethical responsibility: act with diligence and humility, avoiding egoistic claims of sole authorship or simplistic blame.
Arjuna addresses the mighty-armed interlocutor (implicitly Kṛṣṇa) and asks for a clear account of the five causal factors taught in Sāṅkhya regarding how actions are accomplished, setting up a discussion on karma, agency, and the role of fate/divine order.