Shloka 14

Abhimanyu’s Assault on Bhīṣma’s Screen; Banner-Felling and Reinforcements (सौभद्र-भीष्म-समरः)

Devanagari script

सम्बन्ध-- इस प्रकार तीन तरहके यज्ञोंके लक्षण बतलाकर

Transliteration

arjuna uvāca | devadvijaguruprājñapūjanaṁ śaucam ārjavam | brahmacaryam ahiṁsā ca śārīraṁ tapa ucyate ||

Translation

ਦੇਵਤਾ, ਦਵਿਜ (ਬ੍ਰਾਹਮਣ), ਗੁਰੂ ਅਤੇ ਗਿਆਨੀਆਂ ਦੀ ਪੂਜਾ; ਸ਼ੌਚ ਅਤੇ ਸਾਦਗੀ; ਬ੍ਰਹਮਚਰਯ ਅਤੇ ਅਹਿੰਸਾ—ਇਹ ਸ਼ਰੀਰ-ਸੰਬੰਧੀ ਤਪ ਕਿਹਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ।

Word by Word

• देव: of gods / divine
• देव: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• द्विज: of twice-born (Brahmins etc.)
• द्विज: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्विज
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• गुरु: of teachers
• गुरु: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुरु
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• प्राज्ञ: of the wise
• प्राज्ञ: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्राज्ञ
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• पूजनम्: worship, honoring
• पूजनम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पूजन
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• शौचम्: purity, cleanliness
• शौचम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: शौच
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• आर्जवम्: straightforwardness, simplicity
• आर्जवम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: आर्जव
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• ब्रह्मचर्यम्: celibacy / disciplined conduct
• ब्रह्मचर्यम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मचर्य
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• अहिंसा: non-violence
• अहिंसा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अहिंसा
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• शारीरम्: bodily, pertaining to the body
• शारीरम्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शारीर
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• तपः: austerity, penance
• तपः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• उच्यते: is said / is called
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Present, Third, Singular, Passive

Speaker

अजुन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Arjuna
• Devas (the divine)
• Dvijas (twice-born/Brahmins)
• Guru (teacher)
• Prājñas (the wise)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

True bodily austerity is defined as ethical conduct: honoring the sacred, learned, teachers, and the wise; maintaining purity and sincerity; practicing disciplined restraint (brahmacarya) and non-violence (ahiṁsā).

What is happening in the narrative?

In the midst of the larger war-time discourse, the speaker enumerates the marks of ‘bodily tapas’—shifting the focus from external hardship to virtues expressed through the body: reverence, cleanliness, integrity, restraint, and harmlessness.