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Shloka 4

Bhārata-varṣa-varṇana

Description of Bhārata: Mountains, Rivers, and Janapadas

पूर्व कृतयुगं नाम ततत्त्रेतायुगं प्रभो । संक्षेपाद्‌ द्वापरस्याथ ततस्तिष्य॑ प्रवर्तते,प्रभो! पहले सत्ययुग होता है, फिर त्रेतायुग आता है, उसके बाद द्वापरयुग बीतनेपर कलियुगकी प्रवृत्ति होती है

pūrvaṃ kṛtayugaṃ nāma tataḥ tretāyugaṃ prabho | saṃkṣepād dvāparasya atha tataḥ kaliḥ pravartate prabho ||

ਸੰਜਯ ਨੇ ਆਖਿਆ—ਹੇ ਪ੍ਰਭੂ! ਪਹਿਲਾਂ ਕ੍ਰਿਤ (ਸਤ੍ਯ) ਯੁੱਗ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ, ਫਿਰ ਤ੍ਰੇਤਾ ਯੁੱਗ ਆਉਂਦਾ ਹੈ। ਦ੍ਵਾਪਰ ਯੁੱਗ ਦੇ ਬੀਤ ਜਾਣ ਉਪਰੰਤ, ਹੇ ਪ੍ਰਭੂ, ਫਿਰ ਕਲੀ (ਤਿਸ਼੍ਯ) ਯੁੱਗ ਦਾ ਪ੍ਰਵਰਤਨ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ।

पूर्वम्formerly/first
पूर्वम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपूर्व
कृतयुगम्Krita-yuga (Satya-yuga)
कृतयुगम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकृतयुग
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
नामby name/indeed
नाम:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनाम
ततःthen/thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
त्रेतायुगम्Treta-yuga
त्रेतायुगम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootत्रेतायुग
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
प्रभोO lord
प्रभो:
TypeNoun
Rootप्रभु
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
संक्षेपात्briefly/in brief
संक्षेपात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootसंक्षेप
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
द्वापरस्यof the Dvapara (yuga)
द्वापरस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootद्वापर
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
अथthen/next
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
ततःthereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
तिष्यःTishya (Kali-yuga)
तिष्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतिष्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रवर्ततेbegins/comes into operation
प्रवर्तते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र√वृत्
FormLat, Present, Atmanepada, Third, Singular
प्रभोO lord
प्रभो:
TypeNoun
Rootप्रभु
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Kṛtayuga (Satya-yuga)
T
Tretāyuga
D
Dvāparayuga
K
Kaliyuga

Educational Q&A

The verse summarizes the cyclical progression of the four yugas, implying that moral and social conditions change with time and that dharma is understood within a larger cosmic rhythm.

Sañjaya is explaining to his listener, in brief, the order of the world-ages—Kṛta, Tretā, Dvāpara, and then Kali—framing events within a broader cosmological timeline.