Mahabharata — Anushasana Parva, Shloka 58
Cyavana’s Water-Vow and the Ethics of Cohabitation (स्नेह-सम्वास-धर्मः)
Devanagari script
ज्येष्ठस्य भागो ज्येष्ठ: स्थादेकांशो यः प्रधानत: । एष दायविदधि: पार्थ पूर्वमुक्त: स्वयम्भुवा
Translation
ਕੁੰਤੀਨੰਦਨ! ਜੇਠੇ ਪੁੱਤਰ ਦਾ ਹਿੱਸਾ ਵੀ ਜੇਠਾ ਹੀ ਮੰਨਿਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ; ਮੁੱਖ ਤੌਰ ਤੇ ਉਸ ਨੂੰ ਇੱਕ ਅੰਸ਼ ਵੱਧ ਮਿਲਦਾ ਹੈ। ਪਿਤ੍ਰੀ ਧਨ ਦੀ ਵੰਡ ਦੀ ਇਹ ਵਿਧੀ ਪੁਰਾਤਨ ਕਾਲ ਵਿੱਚ ਸਵਯੰਭੂ ਬ੍ਰਹਮਾ ਨੇ ਦੱਸੀ ਸੀ।
Word by Word
ज्येष्ठस्यof the eldest
ज्येष्ठस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootज्येष्ठ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
भागःshare/portion
भागः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभाग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ज्येष्ठःthe eldest (one)
ज्येष्ठः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootज्येष्ठ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्यात्should be/is to be
स्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormOptative, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
एकांशःone extra share/one part
एकांशः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootएकांश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यःwho/which
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रधानतःchiefly/primarily
प्रधानतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रधानतस्
एषःthis
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दायविधिःrule of inheritance/partition
दायविधिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदायविधि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पार्थO Partha
पार्थ:
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
पूर्वम्formerly/earlier
पूर्वम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपूर्व
उक्तःsaid/declared
उक्तः:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
स्वयम्भुवाby Svayambhu (Brahma)
स्वयम्भुवा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootस्वयम्भू
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
कुन्तीनन्दनO son of Kunti
कुन्तीनन्दन:
TypeNoun
Rootकुन्तीनन्दन
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes