Mahabharata — Anushasana Parva, Shloka 12
Indra–Mataṅga Saṃvāda: On the rarity and responsibilities of Brāhmaṇya (इन्द्र-मतङ्ग संवादः)
Devanagari script
ब्राह्मणे दारुणं नास्ति मैत्रो ब्राह्मण उच्यते । आचार्य: सर्वभूतानां शास्ता कि प्रहरिष्यति
Translation
ਬ੍ਰਾਹਮਣ ਵਿੱਚ ਐਨੀ ਕਠੋਰਤਾ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੁੰਦੀ; ਬ੍ਰਾਹਮਣ ਨੂੰ ਸਭ ਪ੍ਰਤੀ ਮਿੱਤਰ-ਭਾਵ ਵਾਲਾ ਕਿਹਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ। ਜੋ ਸਭ ਜੀਵਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਉਪਦੇਸ਼ ਦੇਣ ਵਾਲਾ ਆਚਾਰਯ ਹੈ, ਉਹ ਕਿਸੇ ਉੱਤੇ ਕਿਵੇਂ ਪ੍ਰਹਾਰ ਕਰੇਗਾ?
Word by Word
ब्राह्मणेin/with regard to a Brahmin
ब्राह्मणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
दारुणम्cruelty / something cruel
दारुणम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदारुण
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
अस्तिis/exists
अस्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
मैत्रःfriendly, benevolent
मैत्रः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमैत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ब्राह्मणःa Brahmin
ब्राह्मणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उच्यतेis said/called
उच्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Passive (Karmani)
आचार्यःteacher, preceptor
आचार्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआचार्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सर्वभूतानाम्of all beings
सर्वभूतानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootसर्वभूत
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
शास्ताinstructor, one who teaches/commands
शास्ता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशास्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Agent noun (tṛc/तृच् type: शास्तृ/शास्ता usage)
किम्how?/why?/what (interrogative)
किम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकिम्
Forminterrogative particle
प्रहरिष्यतिwill strike/attack
प्रहरिष्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-हृ
FormSimple Future (Luṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes