Shloka 28

Devanagari script

देवसर्गश्चाष्टविधो विबुधा: पितरोऽसुरा: । गन्धर्वाप्सरस: सिद्धा यक्षरक्षांसि चारणा: ॥ २८ ॥ भूतप्रेतपिशाचाश्च विद्याध्रा: किन्नरादय: । दशैते विदुराख्याता: सर्गास्ते विश्वसृक्‍कृता: ॥ २९ ॥

Transliteration

deva-sargaś cāṣṭa-vidho vibudhāḥ pitaro ’surāḥ gandharvāpsarasaḥ siddhā yakṣa-rakṣāṁsi cāraṇāḥ

Translation

ਦੇਵ-ਸਰਗ ਅੱਠ ਪ੍ਰਕਾਰ ਦਾ ਹੈ—(੧) ਦੇਵ, (੨) ਪਿਤਰ, (੩) ਅਸੁਰ, (੪) ਗੰਧਰਵ ਅਤੇ ਅਪਸਰਾਵਾਂ, (੫) ਯਕਸ਼ ਅਤੇ ਰਾਖਸ਼ਸ, (੬) ਸਿੱਧ, ਚਾਰਣ ਅਤੇ ਵਿਦਿਆਧਰ, (੭) ਭੂਤ, ਪ੍ਰੇਤ ਅਤੇ ਪਿਸਾਚ, (੮) ਕਿੰਨਰ ਆਦਿ ਦਿਵ੍ਯ ਜੀਵ। ਹੇ ਵਿਦੁਰ, ਇਹ ਸਭ ਵਿਸ਼੍ਵ-ਸ੍ਰਿਸ਼ਟਾ ਬ੍ਰਹਮਾ ਨੇ ਰਚੇ ਹਨ।

Synonyms

• deva-sargaḥ: the deva-creation
• deva-sargaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva (प्रातिपदिक) + sarga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• aṣṭa-vidhaḥ: of eight kinds
• aṣṭa-vidhaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Predicate adjective)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: aṣṭa (प्रातिपदिक) + vidha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (‘eight’ + ‘kinds’)

• vibudhāḥ: the gods (wise ones)
• vibudhāḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vibudha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• pitaraḥ: the forefathers (Pitṛs)
• pitaraḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pitṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; पितृ-शब्द (irregular declension)

• asurāḥ: the Asuras
• asurāḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asura (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• gandharva-apsarasaḥ: Gandharvas and Apsarases
• gandharva-apsarasaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gandharva (प्रातिपदिक) + apsaras (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व (copulative: Gandharvas and Apsarases)

• siddhāḥ: the Siddhas
• siddhāḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: siddha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• yakṣa-rakṣāṁsi: Yakṣas and Rākṣasas
• yakṣa-rakṣāṁsi: Karta (कर्ता/Apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yakṣa (प्रातिपदिक) + rakṣas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व (Yakṣas and Rakṣasas; neuter plural as collective)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• cāraṇāḥ: the Cāraṇas
• cāraṇāḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: cāraṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

Purport

As explained in the Second Canto of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam, the Siddhas are inhabitants of Siddhaloka, where the residents travel in space without vehicles. At their mere will they can pass from one planet to another without difficulty. Therefore, in the upper planets the inhabitants are far superior to the inhabitants of this planet in all matters of art, culture and science, since they possess brains superior to those of human beings. The spirits and jinn mentioned in this connection are also counted among the demigods because they are able to perform uncommon functions not possible for men.

Characters & Entities

• Vidura

FAQs

What does the Srimad Bhagavatam say about the different classes of celestial beings?

In Canto 3, Chapter 10, Śukadeva lists an eightfold “deva-sarga,” naming gods, Pitṛs, asuras, Gandharvas-Apsarās, Siddhas, Yakṣas-Rākṣasas, and Cāraṇas as distinct created orders.

Why did Śukadeva Gosvāmī describe these beings to Vidura?

Vidura inquired about creation, and Śukadeva answers by systematically enumerating the categories produced in the cosmic manifestation, helping Vidura understand the Lord’s ordered arrangement of the universe.

How can this teaching be applied in modern life?

It encourages a broader, humble worldview—recognizing graded forms of life and cosmic order—supporting gratitude, responsibility, and devotion to the Supreme who governs all creation.