Mantra 1

Sukta 5

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

विद्म ते स्वप्न जनित्रं ग्राह्याः पुत्रोऽसि यमस्य करणः

IAST Transliteration

vidmá te svapna janítraṃ grāhyā́ḥ putró ’si yámasya káraṇaḥ

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

We know thy birthplace, O Sleep; thou art to be seized: thou art the son of Yama, an instrument of his working.

Translation

ਹੇ ਸੁਪਨਾ (ਨੀਂਦ), ਅਸੀਂ ਤੇਰਾ ਜਨਮ-ਸਥਾਨ ਜਾਣਦੇ ਹਾਂ; ਤੂੰ ਗ੍ਰਾਹ੍ਯ—ਫੜਿਆ ਜਾਣ ਵਾਲਾ ਹੈਂ। ਤੂੰ ਯਮ ਦਾ ਪੁੱਤਰ ਹੈਂ, ਉਸ ਦੇ ਕਰਮ ਦਾ ਸਾਧਨ ਹੈਂ।

Word by Word

• विद्म: we know
• विद्म: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √विद् (विदँ) ‘जानने’

• ते: for you / of you
• ते: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• स्वप्न: O Sleep (Dream)
• स्वप्न: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वप्न (प्रातिपदिक)

• जनित्रम्: begetter; origin
• जनित्रम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: जनित्र (प्रातिपदिक; √जन् ‘जन्म’ से)

• ग्राह्याः: seizable; to be grasped
• ग्राह्याः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ग्राह्य (प्रातिपदिक; √ग्रह् ‘ग्रहण’ से, ‘to be seized/held’)

• पुत्रः: son
• पुत्रः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• असि: you are
• असि: (copula)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अस् ‘भू’

• यमस्य: of Yama
• यमस्य: Sambandha (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun (proper)
• Root: यम (प्रातिपदिक)

• करणः: doer; agent; instrument (as a personified ‘maker’)
• करणः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: करण (प्रातिपदिक; √कृ ‘करण’ से)

Attribution

Rishi: To be confirmed from Anukramaṇī for 16.5.

Devata: Svapna (Sleep/Dream) as adversarial personification; Yama as implied overlord

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh-like; to be verified.

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"bhayankara","secondary_rasa":"raudra","emotional_arc":"From fear of the night-force to mastery through identification and seizure.","listener_experience":"A bracing, confrontational clarity; fear becomes objectified and therefore manageable.","intensity":7}