Mantra 23

Sukta 5

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

देवानामेतत् परिषूतमनभ्यारूढं चरति रोचमानम्। तस्माज्जातं ब्राह्मणं ब्रह्म ज्येष्ठं देवाश्च सर्वे अमतेन साकम्

IAST Transliteration

devā́nām etát pariṣūtám anabhyārū́ḍhaṃ carati rócamānam | tásmāj jātáṃ brā́hmaṇaṃ bráhma jyéṣṭhaṃ devā́ś ca sárve amátena sā́kam

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

This, of the Gods, strained-pure, unmounted-on, goes radiant in its course. From it is born the Brāhmaṇa—Brahman the chief; and all the Gods together with immortality.

Translation

ਦੇਵਾਂ ਦਾ ਇਹ ਤੱਤ ਪਰਿਸੂਤ (ਛਾਣ ਕੇ ਸ਼ੁੱਧ ਕੀਤਾ ਹੋਇਆ), ਅਨਭਿਆਰੂਢ (ਜਿਸ ਉੱਤੇ ਕੋਈ ਚੜ੍ਹਿਆ ਨਹੀਂ) ਹੋ ਕੇ, ਪ੍ਰਕਾਸ਼ਮਾਨ ਰੂਪ ਵਿੱਚ ਆਪਣੇ ਮਾਰਗ ਤੇ ਚਲਦਾ ਹੈ। ਇਸ ਤੋਂ ਬ੍ਰਾਹਮਣ ਜਨਮ ਲੈਂਦਾ ਹੈ—ਸਰਵੋਚ ਬ੍ਰਹਮ; ਅਤੇ ਸਾਰੇ ਦੇਵ ਅਮਰਤ੍ਵ ਦੇ ਨਾਲ ਇਕੱਠੇ (ਉਸ ਨਾਲ) ਹਨ।

Word by Word

• देवानाम्: of the gods
• देवानाम्: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• एतत्: this
• एतत्: कर्म (object) / विषय (as ‘this’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• परिषूतम्: pressed/impelled all around; encompassed
• परिषूतम्: विशेषण (qualifier of एतत्)
• Type: Adjective/Participle
• Root: परि-√सू (धातु; ‘to press/impel/drive around’) → परिषूत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)

• अनभ्यारूढम्: not mounted upon; unascended
• अनभ्यारूढम्: विशेषण (qualifier of एतत्)
• Type: Adjective/Participle
• Root: अन्-अभि-आ-√रुह् (धातु ‘to mount/ascend’) → अनभ्यारूढ (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)

• चरति: moves; goes about
• चरति: क्रिया (मुख्य क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √चर् (धातु)

• रोचमानम्: shining; radiant
• रोचमानम्: विशेषण (qualifier of the moving entity = एतत्)
• Type: Participle (Adjectival)
• Root: √रुच् (धातु ‘to shine/appear pleasing’) → रोचमान (शतृ/वर्तमान कृदन्त)

• तस्मात्: from that
• तस्मात्: अपादान (source/‘from that’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• जातम्: born; produced
• जातम्: विशेषण (qualifier; ‘born’) / predicate to ब्राह्मणम्
• Type: Participle
• Root: √जन् (धातु ‘to be born’) → जात (PPP)

• ब्राह्मणम्: the Brahmin; the priestly principle/person
• ब्राह्मणम्: कर्म/विषय (that which is produced/mentioned)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्राह्मण (प्रातिपदिक)

• ब्रह्म: sacred power; brahman
• ब्रह्म: समानााधिकरण/विशेष्य (apposition to ब्राह्मणम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• ज्येष्ठम्: eldest; foremost
• ज्येष्ठम्: विशेषण (of ब्रह्म/ब्राह्मणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ज्येष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)

• देवाः: the gods
• देवाः: कर्तृ (co-subject, with सर्वे)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (निपात)

• सर्वे: all
• सर्वे: कर्तृ-विशेषण (qualifier of देवाः)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• अमतेन: with immortality; by deathlessness
• अमतेन: करण (instrument/means: ‘with/by immortality’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अमत (प्रातिपदिक; ‘immortality’/‘deathlessness’)

• साकम्: together; in company
• साकम्: सह (association; ‘together’)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: साकम् (अव्यय)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (anukramaṇī-dependent)

Devata: Brahman / Brāhmaṇa / Prajāpati-derived radiance

Chandas: Triṣṭubh-like cadence possible; AV often mixes (to be confirmed by pada-count in critical edition)

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"adbhuta","secondary_rasa":"shanta","emotional_arc":"Wonder at the self-moving radiance, culminating in serene assurance of brahman’s primacy and protection.","listener_experience":"Uplift, dignity, boundary-strength, reverence.","intensity":6}