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Shloka 28

नरकासुरवधः, अदीतिकुण्डल-प्रत्यर्पणम्, तथा भारावतरण-लीला

परमात्मा त्वम् आत्मा च भूतात्मा चाव्ययो भवान् यदा तदा स्तुतिर् नास्ति किमर्था ते प्रवर्तते

paramātmā tvam ātmā ca bhūtātmā cāvyayo bhavān yadā tadā stutir nāsti kimarthā te pravartate

ଆପଣ ପରମାତ୍ମା, ଅନ୍ତରାତ୍ମା, ଏବଂ ସମସ୍ତ ଭୂତରେ ବିରାଜିତ ଭୂତାତ୍ମା—ଅବ୍ୟୟ ପ୍ରଭୁ। ଆପଣ ସଦା ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ଓ ଅଭାବହୀନ ହେଲେ, ତେବେ ଆପଣଙ୍କ ପ୍ରତି ସ୍ତୁତି କେଉଁ ଉଦ୍ଦେଶ୍ୟରେ ଉଦ୍ଭବ ହୁଏ?

परमात्माthe Supreme Self
परमात्मा:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject-complement)
TypeNoun
Rootपरम-आत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Masculine nominative singular)
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Nominative singular pronoun)
आत्माself
आत्मा:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject-complement)
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Masculine nominative singular)
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक-निपात (conjunction)
भूतात्माthe self of beings
भूतात्मा:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject-complement)
TypeNoun
Rootभूत-आत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Masculine nominative singular)
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक-निपात (conjunction)
अव्ययःimperishable
अव्ययः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject-complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootअव्यय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषण (Masculine nominative singular adjective)
भवान्you (honorific)
भवान्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootभवत् (प्रातिपदिक; आदरार्थ-प्रयोग)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Honorific masculine nominative singular)
यदाwhen
यदा:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Time)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (when)
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Time)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (then)
स्तुतिःpraise
स्तुतिः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootस्तुति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Feminine nominative singular)
not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-निपात (negation particle)
अस्तिis
अस्ति:
Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Root√अस् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन (3rd person singular)
किमर्थाfor what purpose?
किमर्था:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject-complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootकिम्-अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषण (Feminine nominative singular: 'for what purpose?')
तेfor you/to you
ते:
Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/Recipient)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formचतुर्थी (4th/Dative), एकवचन (Dative singular pronoun)
प्रवर्ततेproceeds/occurs
प्रवर्तते:
Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Root√वृत् (धातु) + प्र (उपसर्ग)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन (3rd person singular)

Maitreya (questioning Sage Parāśara’s exposition by turning to the logic of praising the Supreme)

V
Vishnu

FAQs

This verse identifies Vishnu as both the transcendent Supreme Self (Paramatman) and the immanent indwelling Self in all beings (Bhutatman), framing devotion within a theology where God pervades and sustains all existence.

The question anticipates Parāśara’s teaching that praise is not to supply anything lacking in God, but to purify and orient the devotee’s mind, establishing remembrance and right understanding of the Lord’s sovereignty.

Vishnu is presented as the imperishable, all-pervading reality—both beyond and within the world—so stuti becomes a devotional and contemplative act aligned with recognizing him as the ultimate ground of self and cosmos.