सूर्यरथ-कालचक्र-आयनविभागः, संध्योपासनम्, देवयान-पितृयानम्, विष्णुपद-गङ्गावतरणम्
सूर्यो द्वादशभिः शैघ्र्यान् मुहूर्तैर् दक्षिणायने त्रयोदशार्धम् ऋक्षाणाम् अह्ना तु चरते द्विज मुहूर्तैस् तावदृक्षाणि नक्तम् अष्टादशैश् चरन्
sūryo dvādaśabhiḥ śaighryān muhūrtair dakṣiṇāyane trayodaśārdham ṛkṣāṇām ahnā tu carate dvija muhūrtais tāvadṛkṣāṇi naktam aṣṭādaśaiś caran
ହେ ଦ୍ୱିଜ! ଦକ୍ଷିଣାୟନରେ ସୂର୍ଯ୍ୟ ଅଧିକ ଶୀଘ୍ର ଗତିରେ ଚଳନ୍ତି: ଦିନେ ବାର ମୁହୂର୍ତ୍ତରେ ସେ ତେର ଓ ଅର୍ଧ ନକ୍ଷତ୍ର ଅତିକ୍ରମ କରନ୍ତି। ରାତିରେ ସେଇ ପରିମାଣକୁ ଅଠାର ମୁହୂର୍ତ୍ତରେ ଅତିକ୍ରମ କରନ୍ତି—ଏହା କାଳନିୟମରେ ମାପା ଗତି।
Sage Parāśara (teaching Maitreya)
This verse uses Dakṣiṇāyana to explain how the Sun’s measured pace changes with the season, framing astronomy as part of cosmic order and sacred time-reckoning.
He quantifies the Sun’s traversal in units of muhūrta, stating that in the southern course the Sun covers about thirteen and a half nakṣatras by day in 12 muhūrtas, and a comparable extent by night in 18 muhūrtas.
Even when Vishnu is not named, the Purāṇic teaching treats time, motion, and celestial order as governed by the Supreme Reality—Vishnu—whose sovereignty makes the cosmos intelligible and ritually meaningful.