Shloka 67

प्रह्लादस्य अव्यभिचारिणी भक्ति, मायाविनाशः, तथा विष्णोः विश्वरूप-स्तुतिः

Devanagari script

देवा यक्षासुराः सिद्धा नागा गन्धर्वकिंनराः पिशाचा राक्षसाश् चैव मनुष्याः पशवस् तथा

Transliteration

devā yakṣāsurāḥ siddhā nāgā gandharvakiṃnarāḥ piśācā rākṣasāś caiva manuṣyāḥ paśavas tathā

Translation

ଦେବ, ଯକ୍ଷ ଓ ଅସୁର, ସିଦ୍ଧ; ନାଗ, ଗନ୍ଧର୍ବ ଓ କିନ୍ନର; ପିଶାଚ ଓ ରାକ୍ଷସ—ଏବଂ ମନୁଷ୍ୟ ଓ ପଶୁମାନେ ମଧ୍ୟ—ସମସ୍ତେ ପରମ ବିଷ୍ଣୁଙ୍କ ଏକାଧିପତ୍ୟରେ ବ୍ୟବସ୍ଥିତ।

Word by Word

• devāḥ: gods
• devāḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural)

• yakṣa-asurāḥ: yakṣas and asuras
• yakṣa-asurāḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yakṣa (प्रातिपदिक) + asura (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; द्वन्द्व-समास (copulative)

• siddhāḥ: siddhas (perfected beings)
• siddhāḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: siddha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• nāgāḥ: nāgas (serpent beings)
• nāgāḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nāga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• gandharva-kiṃnarāḥ: gandharvas and kiṃnaras
• gandharva-kiṃnarāḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gandharva (प्रातिपदिक) + kiṃnara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; द्वन्द्व-समास

• piśācāḥ: piśācas (ghouls)
• piśācāḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: piśāca (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• rākṣasāḥ: rākṣasas (demons)
• rākṣasāḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rākṣasa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• eva: indeed/just
• eva: Sambandha (Emphasis/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (emphatic particle)

• manuṣyāḥ: humans
• manuṣyāḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: manuṣya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• paśavaḥ: animals
• paśavaḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: paśu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• tathā: likewise/also
• tathā: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb/particle: ‘likewise/also’)

Speaker

Sage Parāśara (teaching Maitreya)

Characters & Entities

• Devas
• Yakshas
• Asuras
• Siddhas
• Nagas
• Gandharvas
• Kinnaras
• Pishachas
• Rakshasas
• Humans
• Animals

FAQs

What is the significance of listing so many classes of beings in the Vishnu Purana?

This verse emphasizes the Purana’s cosmic taxonomy—showing that gods, spirits, humans, and animals are all integrated into a single ordered universe, not separate realities.

How does Sage Parāśara explain the structure of the world through such enumerations?

Parāśara teaches Maitreya by mapping the cosmos as a hierarchy of realms and beings, illustrating that every category has a place and function within the larger cosmic order.

What is the theological importance of Lord Vishnu in this context?

Even when Viṣṇu is not named in the line, the cosmological listing serves the Vaishnava premise: all orders of existence are sustained and governed by the Supreme Reality, Viṣṇu.