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Shloka 17

ध्रुवस्य तपः — देवमायाविघ्नाः, विष्णोर्दर्शनम्, स्तुतिः, ध्रुवस्थानप्रदानम्

क्व च त्वं पञ्चवर्षीयः क्व चैतद् दारुणं तपः निवर्त्यतां मनः कष्टान् निर्बन्धात् फलवर्जितात्

kva ca tvaṃ pañcavarṣīyaḥ kva caitad dāruṇaṃ tapaḥ nivartyatāṃ manaḥ kaṣṭān nirbandhāt phalavarjitāt

ତୁମେ ତ ପାଞ୍ଚ ବର୍ଷର ଶିଶୁ—ଏପରି ଦାରୁଣ ତପ କାହିଁକି? ଫଳହୀନ ଏହି କଠୋର ହଠରୁ ମନକୁ ଫେରାଇ ନିଅ।

क्वwhere
क्व:
Sambandha (Discourse marker/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootक्व (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; प्रश्नार्थक-अव्यय (interrogative adverb: 'where?')
and
:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक-निपात (conjunction)
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; उत्तमपुरुषार्थे (2nd person pronoun); प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन (singular)
पञ्चवर्षीयःfive-year-old
पञ्चवर्षीयः:
Karta (Subject-complement/कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपञ्च-वर्षीय (प्रातिपदिक; पञ्च + वर्षीय)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन; विशेषण (adjective)
क्वwhere
क्व:
Sambandha (Discourse marker/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootक्व (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; प्रश्नार्थक-अव्यय (interrogative adverb)
and
:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक-निपात (conjunction)
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootएतद् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; नपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन
दारुणम्harsh, dreadful
दारुणम्:
Karta (Subject-complement/कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootदारुण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying tapaḥ)
तपःausterity, penance
तपः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन
निवर्त्यताम्let (it) be withdrawn
निवर्त्यताम्:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootनिवृत् (धातु)
Formलोट् (imperative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; कर्मणि प्रयोग (passive): 'let it be turned back/withdrawn'
मनःmind
मनः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमनस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; (passive construction: subject of nivartyatām)
कष्टान्hardships
कष्टान्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootकष्ट (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (masculine), द्वितीया (2nd case), बहुवचन (plural)
निर्बन्धात्from insistence, from obstinate resolve
निर्बन्धात्:
Apadana (Source/अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootनिर्बन्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th case/ablative), एकवचन
फलवर्जितात्devoid of result
फलवर्जितात्:
Apadana (Qualifier of source/अपादान-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootफल-वर्जित (प्रातिपदिक; फल + वर्जित)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying nirbandhāt): 'devoid of fruit'

Dhruva’s well-wisher/guardian figure (commonly presented as his mother Sunīti addressing Dhruva in the Dhruva narrative)

D
Dhruva

FAQs

This verse frames tapas as something that must be meaningful and rightly directed; mere harsh effort, especially if perceived as fruitless, is questioned—hinting that true fulfillment comes when striving aligns with devotion and the supreme refuge (Vishnu).

The speaker highlights Dhruva’s tender age and calls the austerity ‘dāruṇa’ (terrible), urging withdrawal from suffering—setting up Dhruva’s extraordinary steadfastness and the narrative move from grief to God-centered determination.

Even when Vishnu is not named in the verse, the Dhruva narrative uses the critique of ‘fruitless’ hardship to imply that spiritual effort finds its true fruit through Vishnu’s grace as the supreme reality and final giver of attainment.