Vamana Purana — Saptarishis Seek Uma for Shiva, Shloka 18

The Saptarishis Seek Uma for Shiva: Himavan Grants the Marriage

Devanagari script

तामप्यथाशपद् ब्रह्म सन्ध्या पापे भविष्यसि या मद्वाक्यमलङ्घ्यं वै सुरैर्लङ्घयसे बलात्

Transliteration

tāmapyathāśapad brahma sandhyā pāpe bhaviṣyasi yā madvākyamalaṅghyaṃ vai surairlaṅghayase balāt

Translation

ତାପରେ ବ୍ରହ୍ମା ମଧ୍ୟ ତାକୁ ଶାପ ଦେଲେ—“ହେ ସନ୍ଧ୍ୟା! ତୁମେ ପାପିନୀ ହେବ; କାରଣ ଦେବମାନଙ୍କ ପାଇଁ ମଧ୍ୟ ଅଲଂଘ୍ୟ ମୋ ବାକ୍ୟକୁ ତୁମେ ବଳାତ୍ ଲଂଘନ କରୁଛ।”

Word by Word

• ताम्: her
• ताम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• अपि: also
• अपि: Sambandha/Emphasis (सम्बन्ध/बल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (particle)

• अथ: then
• अथ: Discourse link (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: atha (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अनुक्रम/आरम्भसूचक (then/now)

• अशपत्: cursed
• अशपत्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: śap (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• ब्रह्म: Brahmā
• ब्रह्म: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: brahman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; संबोधनार्थे अपि (vocative sense)

• सन्ध्या: O Sandhyā
• सन्ध्या: Sambodhana/Addressed (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sandhyā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• पापे: O sinful one
• पापे: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pāpa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, संबोधन (Vocative/सम्बोधन), एकवचन

• भविष्यसि: you will become
• भविष्यसि: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: bhū (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (Simple Future), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• या: who
• या: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक (relative pronoun)

• मत्: my
• मत्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-सम्बन्धार्थे; ‘मद्/मत्’ (my) as first member of compound

• वाक्यम्: statement, command
• वाक्यम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vākya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• अलङ्घ्यम्: not to be violated
• अलङ्घ्यम्: Karma-viśeṣaṇa (कर्म-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: a+√laṅgh (धातु) → alaṅghya (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तव्यत्-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (gerundive/‘not to be transgressed’), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण

• वै: indeed
• वै: Emphasis (बल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vai (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (emphatic particle)

• सुरैः: by the gods
• सुरैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sura (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन

• लङ्घयसे: you transgress
• लङ्घयसे: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: laṅgh (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

• बलात्: forcibly
• बलात्: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रिया-विशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: balāt (अव्यय/तद्धितान्त)
• Form: अव्यय; तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त (ablatival adverb) ‘by force’

Speakers

• Brahmā (speaker) to Sandhyā (addressed); broader frame traditionally Pulastya–Nārada (not explicit in input)

Primary Deities

• Brahmā

Key Themes

• Dharma (obedience to divine ordinance)
• Transgression and curse (śāpa)
• Personification of ritual time (Sandhyā)
• Deva-normativity (even devas bound by rule)

Verse Rasa (Emotional Flavour)

{ "primaryRasa": "raudra", "secondaryRasa": "bhayanaka", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Even sacred or cosmic functions (like Sandhyā) are portrayed as accountable to dharma. The verse stresses that divine order (ājñā/śāsana) is binding universally—transgression, especially by force (balāt), yields moral consequence (pāpa).

How does this fit the Pancalakshana?

This is best classified under ancillary narrative supporting tīrtha/ritual culture rather than core cosmogenesis; it aligns most closely with Vamśānucarita/Carita-type didactic-etiological storytelling used to ground ritual norms (Sandhyā observance) within a sacred history.

What is the symbolic significance?

Sandhyā symbolizes liminality (transition/junction). The ‘inviolable word’ motif encodes the idea that liminal times require heightened restraint and correct observance; forcing passage across boundaries becomes a metaphor for violating cosmic rhythm.