Shloka 64

Dietary Rules & Purification — Dietary Rules, Purification (Śauca), and the Duties of the Householder and Forest-Dweller

Devanagari script

स्वानि वर्णाश्रमोक्तानि धर्माणीह न हापयेत् यो हापयति तस्यासौ परिकुप्यति भास्करः

Transliteration

svāni varṇāśramoktāni dharmāṇīha na hāpayet yo hāpayati tasyāsau parikupyati bhāskaraḥ

Translation

ଏଠାରେ ନିଜ ବର୍ଣ୍ଣ ଓ ଆଶ୍ରମ ଅନୁସାରେ ନିର୍ଦ୍ଦିଷ୍ଟ ଧର୍ମକର୍ତ୍ତବ୍ୟ ତ୍ୟାଗ କରିବା ଉଚିତ୍ ନୁହେଁ। ଯେ ତ୍ୟାଗ କରେ, ତାହାପ୍ରତି ଭାସ୍କର ଅତ୍ୟନ୍ତ କ୍ରୁଦ୍ଧ ହୁଅନ୍ତି।

Word by Word

• svāni: one's own
• svāni: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Dvitīyā (2nd/द्वितीया), Bahuvacana (plural); sarvanāma-prayoga (pronominal adjective)

• varṇa-āśrama-uktāni: prescribed by varṇa and āśrama
• varṇa-āśrama-uktāni: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of dharmāṇi
• Type: Adjective
• Root: varṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + āśrama (प्रातिपदिक) + ukta (कृदन्त, √vac/वच् past passive participle)
• Form: Napumsaka, Dvitīyā, Bahuvacana; samāsa: varṇāśramoktāni = varṇāśramaiḥ uktāni (instrumental-tatpurusha sense)

• dharmāṇi: duties, dharmas
• dharmāṇi: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dharma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka, Dvitīyā, Bahuvacana

• iha: here
• iha: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iha (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; deśa-kāla-avyaya (adverb: here/in this world)

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; niṣedha-particle (negation)

• hāpayet: should not cause (them) to be abandoned / should not neglect
• hāpayet: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √hā (हा) + ṇic (णिच् causative)
• Form: Vidhi-liṅ (विधिलिङ्, optative), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd person), Ekavacana (singular); parasmaipada; causative: ‘cause to abandon/neglect’

• yaḥ: who
• yaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (यद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Ekavacana; relative pronoun

• hāpayati: causes to abandon / neglects
• hāpayati: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √hā (हा) + ṇic (णिच् causative)
• Form: Laṭ (लट्, present), Prathama-puruṣa, Ekavacana; parasmaipada; causative

• tasya: of him
• tasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (तद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (or sarvanāma), Ṣaṣṭhī (6th/genitive), Ekavacana

• asau: that (one)
• asau: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: adas (अदस् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; demonstrative pronoun

• parikupyati: becomes very angry
• parikupyati: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pari + √kup (कुप्)
• Form: Laṭ (present), Prathama-puruṣa, Ekavacana; ātmanepada; upasarga: pari-

• bhāskaraḥ: the Sun (Bhāskara)
• bhāskaraḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhāskara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana

Speakers

• Not stated in the provided excerpt (commonly Pulastya → Nārada framework in Vāmana Purāṇa; uncertain here)

Primary Deities

• Surya (Bhāskara)

Key Themes

• Varṇāśrama-dharma
• Consequences of adharma
• Sūrya as witness/overseer

Verse Rasa (Emotional Flavour)

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhayanaka", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Ethically, dharma is portrayed as binding and personalized: neglecting one’s ordained responsibilities is not neutral but a moral breach with cosmic repercussions.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana?

Didactic dharma material (ācāra) embedded within narrative tradition; not directly sarga/pratisarga, but aligned with instructive portions often accompanying vamśa/vamśānucarita contexts.

What is the symbolic significance?

Sūrya represents visibility, order, and the ‘witness’ principle; his anger symbolizes that adharma disrupts ṛta (cosmic order) and becomes manifest in worldly life.