Shloka 31

Draupadī’s Grief at Seeing the Heroes in Disguise (द्रौपदी-विषादः / वेष-परिभव-वर्णनम्)

Devanagari script

अतदर्ह महाप्राज्ञं जीवितार्थेडभिसंस्थितम्‌ | दृष्टवा कस्य न दु:खं स्याद्‌ धर्मात्मानं युधिष्ठिरम्‌

Transliteration

atadarhaṁ mahāprājñaṁ jīvitārthe 'bhisaṁsthitam | dṛṣṭvā kasya na duḥkhaṁ syād dharmātmānaṁ yudhiṣṭhiram ||

Translation

ଧର୍ମାତ୍ମା ଓ ପରମ ପ୍ରାଜ୍ଞ ଯୁଧିଷ୍ଠିରଙ୍କୁ ଏପରି ଦୁରବସ୍ଥା କେବେ ଶୋଭେ ନାହିଁ; ତଥାପି ଆଜି ଜୀବିକାର୍ଥେ ସେ ଅନ୍ୟର ଘରେ ଆଶ୍ରୟ ନେଇଛନ୍ତି—ତାଙ୍କୁ ଏହି ଦଶାରେ ଦେଖି କାହାର ଦୁଃଖ ହେବ ନାହିଁ?

Word by Word

• अतत्-अर्हम्: not deserving of that (state)
• अतत्-अर्हम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अतदर्ह
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• महाप्राज्ञम्: very wise
• महाप्राज्ञम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महाप्राज्ञ
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• जीवित-अर्थे: for the sake of livelihood
• जीवित-अर्थे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: जीवितार्थ
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• अभिसंस्थितम्: situated/placed; having taken refuge (in a position)
• अभिसंस्थितम्: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि-सम्-स्था
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular, Past passive participle (क्त)

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश्
• Form: Absolutive (क्त्वा)

• कस्य: of whom; for whom
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: किम्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• दुःखम्: sorrow
• दुःखम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुःख
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• स्यात्: would be
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस्
• Form: Optative (विधिलिङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• धर्मात्मानम्: the righteous-souled one
• धर्मात्मानम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्मात्मन्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• युधिष्ठिरम्: Yudhishthira
• युधिष्ठिरम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: युधिष्ठिर
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Yudhiṣṭhira

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the ethical poignancy of dharma under adversity: even the most righteous and wise can be forced by circumstance into humiliating dependence, and such a sight naturally awakens compassion and reflection on the instability of worldly status.

What is happening in the narrative?

During the Pāṇḍavas’ incognito year in the Virāṭa realm, Yudhiṣṭhira lives in a subordinate role for mere survival. Vaiśampāyana remarks that seeing a king of such dharmic stature reduced to dependence would cause grief to anyone.