Shloka 62

Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 47 — Arjuna’s Deterrent Declaration

Sañjaya’s Report

Devanagari script

कान्दिग्भूतं छिन्नगात्र विसंज्ञं दुर्योधनो द्रक्ष्यति सर्वसैन्यम्‌ । हताश्चवीराग्रयनरेन्द्रनागं पिपासिते श्रान्तपत्रं भयारत॑म्‌

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca |

kāndigbhūtaṃ chinnagātraṃ visaṃjñaṃ duryodhano drakṣyati sarvasainyam |

hatāś ca vīrāgrya-narendra-nāgaṃ pipāsite śrānta-patraṃ bhayārtaṃ ||

Translation

ସଞ୍ଜୟ କହିଲେ—ଦୁର୍ୟୋଧନ ନିଜ ସମଗ୍ର ସେନାକୁ ଦିଗ୍ଭ୍ରାନ୍ତ ଓ ଅସ୍ତବ୍ୟସ୍ତ ଦେଖିବ—ଅଙ୍ଗପ୍ରତ୍ୟଙ୍ଗ ଛିନ୍ନଭିନ୍ନ, ଅନେକେ ଅଚେତ ହୋଇ ପଡ଼ିଛନ୍ତି। ସେ ଅଗ୍ରଣୀ ବୀରମାନଙ୍କୁ ଓ ରାଜହସ୍ତୀମାନଙ୍କୁ ହତ ଦେଖିବ; ହସ୍ତୀମାନେ ତୃଷ୍ଣାରେ କାତର, କ୍ଲାନ୍ତିରେ ପତ୍ରପଙ୍ଖା ଝୁଲିପଡ଼ି, ଭୟରେ ଆର୍ତ ହେବେ। ଅଧର୍ମ ନିଶ୍ଚୟରୁ ଜନ୍ମିଥିବା ଏହି ବିନାଶ ସାମ୍ନାରେ, ଧର୍ମ ଛାଡ଼ି ଯୁଦ୍ଧ ବାଛିଥିବାର ନୈତିକ ପରିଣାମକୁ ସେ ଅବଶ୍ୟ ମୁହାଁ ଦେବ।

Word by Word

• कान्दिग्भूतम्: become directionless/confused about directions
• कान्दिग्भूतम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कान्दिग्भूत (कान्दिग् + भूत)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• छिन्नगात्रम्: with limbs cut off/mutilated
• छिन्नगात्रम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: छिन्नगात्र (छिन्न + गात्र)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• विसंज्ञम्: unconscious/senseless
• विसंज्ञम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विसंज्ञ
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• दुर्योधनः: Duryodhana
• दुर्योधनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर्योधन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• द्रक्ष्यति: will see
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश्
• Form: Simple Future (Luṭ), 3, Singular

• सर्वम्: all/entire
• सर्वम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• सैन्यम्: army
• सैन्यम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सैन्य
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• हताः: slain
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हन् (हत)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• वीराग्र्य: foremost among heroes
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वीराग्र्य (वीर + अग्र्य)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• नरेन्द्र: kings/lords of men
• Type: Noun
• Root: नरेन्द्र (नर + इन्द्र)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• नागाः: elephants
• Type: Noun
• Root: नाग
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• पिपासिते: when thirsty / in thirst
• पिपासिते: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पिपासित (पिपासा + इत)
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• श्रान्त: when exhausted / in fatigue
• श्रान्त: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: श्रान्त (श्रम्)
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• पत्रम्: wing/leaf; here: (as read) a ‘winged/feathered’ one or ‘leaf’ (textually uncertain)
• पत्रम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पत्र
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• भयारतम्: distressed by fear
• भयारतम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भयारत (भय + आरत)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• संजय (Sañjaya)
• दुर्योधन (Duryodhana)
• सैन्य (the Kaurava host/army)
• नाग (war-elephants)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse underscores the ethical law of consequence: a war pursued through pride and adharma culminates in terror, disorder, and irreversible loss, forcing even the instigator to confront the fruits of his choices.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya vividly foretells what Duryodhana will see on the battlefield: the Kaurava forces in chaos, warriors mutilated or unconscious, leading heroes and war-elephants slain, and the survivors exhausted, thirsty, and overwhelmed by fear.