Shloka 56

Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 47 — Arjuna’s Deterrent Declaration

Sañjaya’s Report

Devanagari script

यदा मन्द: परबाणान्‌ विमुक्तान्‌ ममेषुभिह्ठियमाणान्‌ प्रतीपम्‌ । तिर्यग्विध्याच्छिद्यमानान्‌ पृषत्कै- स्तदा युद्ध धार्तराष्ट्रोडन्वतप्स्यत्‌

Transliteration

yadā mandaḥ parabāṇān vimuktān mameṣubhiḥ pratīpaṃ nivāryamāṇān | tiryag vidhyāc chidyamānān pṛṣatkaiḥ tadā yuddhe dhārtarāṣṭro ’nutapsyati ||

Translation

ସଞ୍ଜୟ କହିଲେ—ଯୁଦ୍ଧରେ ଅନ୍ୟ ଯୋଦ୍ଧାମାନେ ଛାଡ଼ିଥିବା ବାଣଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ମୋ ବାଣ ଟକ୍କର ଦେଇ ରୋକି ପ୍ରତିପକ୍ଷ ଦିଗକୁ ଫେରାଇ ଦେଉଥିବା ସେ ଦେଖିବ, ଏବଂ ତାଙ୍କର ଶରସମୂହକୁ ମୋ ଅନ୍ୟ ବାଣ ତିର୍ୟକ୍ ଭାବେ ବିଦ୍ଧ କରି ଖଣ୍ଡ-ଖଣ୍ଡ କରୁଥିବା ଦେଖିବ; ସେତେବେଳେ ସେ ମନ୍ଦବୁଦ୍ଧି ଧୃତରାଷ୍ଟ୍ରପୁତ୍ର ଯୁଦ୍ଧ ଉତ୍ତେଜନା ପାଇଁ କଟୁ ପଶ୍ଚାତ୍ତାପ କରିବ।

Word by Word

• यदा: when
• यदा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदा

• मन्दः: dull-witted
• मन्दः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मन्द
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• परबाणान्: enemy arrows
• परबाणान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: परबाण
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• विमुक्तान्: released, shot
• विमुक्तान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वि-मुच्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural, kta (past passive participle)

• मम: my
• मम: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: —, Genitive, Singular

• इषुभिः: with arrows
• इषुभिः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: इषु
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• ह्रियमाणान्: being carried/borne (back)
• ह्रियमाणान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हृ
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural, śatṛ (present passive participle)

• प्रतीपम्: backwards, in the opposite direction
• प्रतीपम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रतीप

• तिर्यक्: sideways, obliquely
• तिर्यक्: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तिर्यक्

• विध्यात्: would pierce
• विध्यात्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-व्यध्
• Form: Optative, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• छिद्यमानान्: being cut to pieces
• छिद्यमानान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: छिद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural, śatṛ (present passive participle)

• पृषत्कैः: with arrows/darts
• पृषत्कैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृषत्क
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• तदा: then
• तदा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा

• युद्धे: in battle
• युद्धे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: युद्ध
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• धार्तराष्ट्रः: Dhṛtarāṣṭra's son (Duryodhana)
• धार्तराष्ट्रः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धार्तराष्ट्र
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अनुतप्स्यत्: will regret, will repent
• अनुतप्स्यत्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: अनु-तप्
• Form: Simple Future (Luṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhārtarāṣṭra (Duryodhana)
• arrows (bāṇa, iṣu, pṛṣatka)
• battle/war (yuddha)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Arrogant aggression in adharma leads to foreseeable suffering: when one initiates war out of pride and misjudgment, the inevitable sight of destruction and defeat becomes the cause of intense remorse.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya describes a battlefield scenario in which a warrior’s superior archery repels and shatters the enemy’s arrows; witnessing this, Duryodhana (Dhārtarāṣṭra) is predicted to feel deep regret for having started the conflict.