Shloka 13

Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 47 — Arjuna’s Deterrent Declaration

Sañjaya’s Report

Devanagari script

मायोपध: प्रणिपातार्जवाभ्यां तपोदमाभ्यां धर्मगुप्त्या बलेन । सत्यं ब्रुवन्‌ प्रतिपन्नो नृपो न- स्तितिक्षमाण: क्लिश्यमानो5तिवेलम्‌

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca | māyopadhaḥ praṇipātārjavābhyāṃ tapodamābhyāṃ dharmaguptyā balena | satyaṃ bruvan pratipanno nṛpo naḥ titikṣamāṇaḥ kliśyamāno 'tivelam ||

Translation

ସଞ୍ଜୟ କହିଲେ—ଆମ ରାଜା ଯୁଧିଷ୍ଠିର ନମ୍ରତା ଓ ସରଳତାରେ ପ୍ରତିଷ୍ଠିତ; ତପ, ଇନ୍ଦ୍ରିୟସଂଯମ, ଧର୍ମରକ୍ଷା ଓ ବଳରେ ସମ୍ପନ୍ନ। ଦୀର୍ଘଦିନ ଧରି ଅନେକ କ୍ଲେଶ ସହିଲେ ମଧ୍ୟ ସେ ସତ୍ୟ ହିଁ କହନ୍ତି ଏବଂ କୌରବମାନଙ୍କ କପଟ ଆଚରଣ ଓ ବଚନକୁ ଧୈର୍ଯ୍ୟରେ ସହନ କରୁଛନ୍ତି।

Word by Word

• मायोपधः: one whose (only) stratagem is māyā/skillful means; prudent/strategic
• मायोपधः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मायोपध
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• प्रणिपात: by prostration/salutation
• प्रणिपात: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रणिपात
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• आर्जवाभ्याम्: by (twofold) straightforwardness/sincerity
• आर्जवाभ्याम्: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: आर्जव
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Dual

• तपोदमाभ्याम्: by austerity and self-control
• तपोदमाभ्याम्: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस्+दम
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Dual

• धर्मगुप्त्या: by protection/guarding of dharma
• धर्मगुप्त्या: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्मगुप्ति
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Singular

• बलेन: by strength
• बलेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: बल
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• सत्यम्: truth
• सत्यम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सत्य
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• ब्रुवन्: speaking
• ब्रुवन्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular, शतृ (present active participle)

• प्रतिपन्नः: having undertaken/entered upon; steadfast
• प्रतिपन्नः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्रतिपद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)

• नृपः: the king
• नृपः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृप
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• नः: of us/our
• नः: Sampradana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: Genitive, Plural

• तितिक्षमाणः: enduring, bearing patiently
• तितिक्षमाणः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: तिज्/तितिक्ष् (तितिक्षा)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular, शानच् (present middle participle)

• क्लिश्यमानः: being afflicted/suffering
• क्लिश्यमानः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: क्लिश्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular, शानच् (present middle participle)

• अतिवेलम्: excessively; for a very long time
• अतिवेलम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अतिवेलम्

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Yudhiṣṭhira
• Kauravas

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse praises ethical kingship rooted in truthfulness, humility, straightforwardness, austerity, and self-restraint, emphasizing that steadfast adherence to dharma includes patient endurance even under prolonged injustice and provocation.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Udyoga Parva’s pre-war negotiations, Sañjaya describes Yudhiṣṭhira’s character to highlight the Pāṇḍava king’s moral strength: despite suffering and facing Kaurava duplicity, he continues to speak truth and practice forbearance.