Shloka 29

धृतराष्ट्रस्य वंशोपदेशः

Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Dynastic Counsel on Legitimate Rule

Devanagari script

ये पार्थिवा राजसभां प्रविष्टा ब्रह्मर्षयो ये च सभासदो<न्ये । शृण्वन्तु वक्ष्यामि तवापराध॑ पापस्य सामात्यपरिच्छदस्य

Transliteration

ye pārthivā rājasabhāṃ praviṣṭā brahmarṣayo ye ca sabhāsado 'nye | śṛṇvantu vakṣyāmi tavāparādhaṃ pāpasya sāmātyaparicchadasya ||

Translation

“ଏହି ରାଜସଭାରେ ପ୍ରବେଶ କରିଥିବା ସମସ୍ତ ରାଜା, ବ୍ରହ୍ମର୍ଷି ଓ ଅନ୍ୟ ସଭାସଦମାନେ ଶୁଣନ୍ତୁ। ହେ ପାପୀ ଦୁର୍ଯ୍ୟୋଧନ! ତୋର ମନ୍ତ୍ରୀ ଓ ସେବକମାନଙ୍କ ସହିତ ତୋର ଅପରାଧ ମୁଁ ଘୋଷଣା କରୁଛି।”

Word by Word

• ये: who/which (those who)
• ये: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• पार्थिवाः: kings
• पार्थिवाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्थिव
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• राजसभाम्: royal assembly
• राजसभाम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजसभा
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• प्रविष्टाः: entered
• प्रविष्टाः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-विश्
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• ब्रह्मर्षयः: brahmarishis (sage-seers)
• ब्रह्मर्षयः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मर्षि
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• ये: who (those who)
• ये: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• सभासदः: assembly-members/courtiers
• सभासदः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सभासद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• अन्ये: others
• अन्ये: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन्य
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• शृण्वन्तु: let them hear
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु
• Form: लोट् (imperative), Third, Plural, परस्मैपद

• वक्ष्यामि: I will speak/tell
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: लृट् (simple future), First, Singular, परस्मैपद

• तव: of you/your
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: Genitive, Singular

• अपराधम्: offence, wrongdoing
• अपराधम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अपराध
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• पापस्य: of the sinful (one)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पाप
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• सामात्यपरिच्छदस्य: of (him) with ministers and attendants
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सामात्यपरिच्छद
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

Speaker

विदुर उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vidura
• Duryodhana
• kings (pārthivāḥ)
• Brahmarishis (brahmarṣayaḥ)
• members of the royal assembly (sabhāsadaḥ)
• royal court/assembly hall (rājasabhā)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Wrongdoing by a ruler must be publicly named when it threatens dharma and the polity; responsibility spreads beyond the principal offender to ministers and attendants who support or conceal the offence.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Kuru court, Vidura calls upon all present—kings, sages, and courtiers—to listen as he prepares to enumerate Duryodhana’s transgressions, explicitly including the culpability of his ministerial circle and retinue.