Shloka 5

Udyoga Parva Adhyāya 132 — Vidura’s Counsel on Udyama, Yaśas, and Kṣātra-Dharma

Devanagari script

इस इतिहासमें जो कल्याणकारी उपदेश हो

Transliteration

ānandana mayā jāta dviṣatāṁ harṣavardhana | na mayā tvaṁ na pitrā ca jātaḥ kvābhyāgato hāsi ||

Translation

ବିଦୁଲା କହିଲେ—ହେ ପୁତ୍ର! ମୋ ଗର୍ଭରୁ ଜନ୍ମି ମଧ୍ୟ ତୁମେ ମୋତେ ଆନନ୍ଦ ଦେଉନାହ; ଶତ୍ରୁମାନଙ୍କ ହର୍ଷକୁ ହିଁ ବଢ଼ାଉଛ। ତେଣୁ ମୋତେ ଲାଗୁଛି—ନ ତୁମେ ମୋଠାରୁ ଜନ୍ମିଛ, ନ ତୁମ ପିତାଠାରୁ; ତେବେ ଏମିତି କାୟର ଆମ ମଧ୍ୟରେ କେଉଁଠୁ ଆସିଲା?

Word by Word

• विदुला: Vidulā
• विदुला: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: विदुला
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• उवाच: said
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• अनन्दन: O (one who is) not a delight
• Type: Noun
• Root: अ-नन्दन
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• मया: by me
• मया: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: Instrumental, Singular

• जात: born
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जन्
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• द्विषताम्: of the enemies
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्विषत्
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• हर्षवर्धन: O increaser of (their) joy
• Type: Noun
• Root: हर्ष-वर्धन
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• मया: by me
• मया: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: Instrumental, Singular

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: Nominative, Singular

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• पित्रा: by (your) father
• पित्रा: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• जातः: born
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जन्
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• क्व: from where?/where?
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: क्व

• अभ्यागतः: come/arrived
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अभि-आ-गम्
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• ह: indeed/for emphasis
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ह

• असि: you are
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस्
• Form: Present, 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada

Speaker

वायुदेव उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vāyudeva
• Yudhiṣṭhira
• Vidulā
• Vidulā’s son (unnamed in this verse)
• Sindhurāja (mentioned in the prose context)
• enemies (dviṣat)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

A kṣatriya must not collapse into shameful passivity after defeat; cowardice strengthens the enemy. Vidulā uses harsh, honor-based rhetoric to shock her son into reclaiming courage, self-respect, and duty.

What is happening in the narrative?

After Vidulā’s son returns home dejected and sleeps following defeat by Sindhurāja, Vidulā rebukes him. In this verse she sarcastically calls him “bringer of joy,” then declares that his behavior is so disgraceful that she can hardly believe he is truly her son.