Shloka 4

Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 130: Kuntī’s Instruction on Rājadharma and Daṇḍanīti

Devanagari script

एवमुक्‍्त्वा जहासोच्चै: केशव: परवीरहा । तस्य संस्मयत: शौरेरविंद्युद्रपा महात्मन:

Transliteration

evam uktvā jahāsa uccaiḥ keśavaḥ paravīrahā | tasya saṃsmayataḥ śaurer avindyudrapā mahātmanaḥ |

Translation

ଏଭଳି କହି ପରବୀର-ସଂହାରକ କେଶବ ଉଚ୍ଚସ୍ୱରେ ଅଟ୍ଟହାସ କଲେ। ସେଇ ମହାତ୍ମା ଶୌରି ହସୁଥିବାବେଳେ ତାଙ୍କ ଅଙ୍ଗରେ ଆଶ୍ଚର୍ୟଜନକ ଭାବେ ବିଦ୍ୟୁତ୍-ସମ କାନ୍ତିର ଦିବ୍ୟ ତେଜ ପ୍ରକାଶ ପାଇଲା।

Word by Word

• एवम्: thus
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एवम्

• उक्त्वा: having said
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), active (parasmaipada sense)

• जहास: laughed
• Type: Verb
• Root: हस्
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3, singular, parasmaipada

• उच्चैः: aloud, loudly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उच्चैः

• केशवः: Keshava (Krishna)
• केशवः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: केशव
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• परवीरहा: slayer of enemy-heroes
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परवीरहन्
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• तस्य: of him
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: masculine/neuter, genitive, singular

• संस्मयतः: while he was smiling/laughing
• Type: Adjective
• Root: संस्मयत्
• Form: present active participle (शतृ), masculine, genitive, singular

• शौरेः: of Shouri (Krishna)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शौरि
• Form: masculine, genitive, singular

• अविन्द्यत्: found, obtained
• Type: Verb
• Root: विद्
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), 3, singular, parasmaipada

• उद्रपाः: small beings/dwarfish attendants (udrapas)
• उद्रपाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: उद्रप
• Form: masculine, nominative, plural

• महात्मनः: of the great-souled one
• Type: Noun
• Root: महात्मन्
• Form: masculine, genitive, singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśaṃpāyana
• Keśava (Śrī Kṛṣṇa)
• Śauri (Śrī Kṛṣṇa)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse underscores Kṛṣṇa’s divine sovereignty: his mere presence and expression (loud laughter) signals irresistible power and the moral gravity of the coming conflict, reminding listeners that dharma is ultimately upheld by a higher cosmic order.

What is happening in the narrative?

After speaking, Kṛṣṇa (Keśava/Śauri) laughs loudly; the narration frames this as an awe-inspiring, superhuman moment, foreshadowing the overwhelming divine force that will shape the war’s outcome.