Shloka 14

अध्याय १२२ — कृष्णस्य दुर्योधनं प्रति नीत्युपदेशः

Kṛṣṇa’s Ethical Counsel to Duryodhana

Devanagari script

पितामह् उवाच बहुवर्षसहस्रान्तं प्रजापालनवर्धितम्‌ । अनेकक्रतुदानौधैर्यत्‌ त्वयोपार्जितं फलम्‌

Transliteration

pitāmaha uvāca bahuvarṣasahasrāntaṃ prajā-pālana-vardhitam | aneka-kratu-dāna-aughair yat tvayopārjitaṃ phalam ||

Translation

ପିତାମହ କହିଲେ—ହେ ରାଜେନ୍ଦ୍ର! ଅନେକ ସହସ୍ର ବର୍ଷ ଧରି ଅସଂଖ୍ୟ ଯଜ୍ଞ ଓ ଦାନର ପ୍ରବାହରେ ତୁମେ ଯେ ପୁଣ୍ୟଫଳ ଉପାର୍ଜନ କରିଥିଲ, ଏବଂ ପ୍ରଜାପାଳନ-ଧର୍ମରେ ଯାହା ବଢ଼ିଥିଲ—ସେ ସବୁ ଅଭିମାନ ନାମକ ଦୋଷରେ ନଷ୍ଟ ହୋଇଗଲା। ସେଇ ଅହଂକାରରେ ତୁମେ ପତିତ ହେଲ, ଏବଂ ସ୍ୱର୍ଗବାସୀମାନେ ତୁମକୁ ଧିକ୍କାର କଲେ।

Word by Word

• पितामहः: the grandsire (Bhīṣma)
• पितामहः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितामह
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उवाच: said
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• बहु-वर्ष-सहस्र-अन्तम्: extending to many thousands of years
• बहु-वर्ष-सहस्र-अन्तम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन्त
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• प्रजा-पालन-वर्धितम्: increased by the protection of subjects
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वर्धित
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अनेक-क्रतु-दान-ओघैः: by floods/abundance of many sacrifices and gifts
• अनेक-क्रतु-दान-ओघैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: ओघ
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• यत्: which (that)
• यत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• त्वया: by you
• त्वया: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: Instrumental, Singular

• उपार्जितम्: acquired/earned
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उप-आर्ज्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• फलम्: fruit/result (merit)
• फलम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: फल
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

पितामह् उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Pitāmaha (Bhīṣma)
• a king (addressed as rājendra in the prose gloss)
• Svarga (heaven) and its residents (implied in the gloss)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even vast merit gained through sacrifices, charity, and righteous kingship can be nullified by pride; arrogance leads to moral downfall and loss of honor.

What is happening in the narrative?

Pitāmaha (Bhīṣma) admonishes a king, explaining that the king’s long-earned spiritual merit—built by yajñas, gifts, and protection of subjects—was destroyed because of pride, resulting in his fall and condemnation by heavenly beings.