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Shloka 28

उतथ्योपदेशः—राजधर्मः, दर्पनिग्रहः, प्रजारक्षणम्

Utathya’s Instruction: Royal Dharma, Restraint of Pride, Protection of Subjects

राजर्षयश्न बहवस्तथा बुध्यस्व पार्थिव । राजा भवति तं जित्वा दासस्तेन पराजित:,राजन! सम्पत्तिका पुत्र है दर्प, जो अधर्मके अंशसे उत्पन्न हुआ है, यह श्रुतिका कथन है। उस दर्पने बहुतसे देवताओं, असुरों और राजर्षियोंका विनाश कर डाला है। अतः भूपाल! अब भी चेतो। जो दर्पको जीत लेता है, वह राजा होता है और जो उससे पराजित हो जाता है, वह दास बन जाता है

rājarṣayaś ca bahavas tathā budhyasva pārthiva | rājā bhavati taṁ jitvā dāsas tena parājitaḥ ||

(rājan! sampattikā putro hi darpaḥ, yo 'dharmāṁśena utpannaḥ—iti śruti-vacanaṁ; tena darpeṇa bahavo devāḥ asurāś ca rājarṣayaś ca vināśitāḥ; ataḥ bhūpāla! adyāpi cetasā budhyasva; yaḥ darpaṁ jayati sa rājā, yaś ca tena parājīyate sa dāsaḥ.)

ଅନେକ ରାଜର୍ଷି ମଧ୍ୟ ଏହି କାରଣରୁ ନଷ୍ଟ ହୋଇଛନ୍ତି—ତେଣୁ, ହେ ପାର୍ଥିବ, ବୁଝ। ଯେ ଦର୍ପକୁ ଜିତେ ସେ ରାଜା; ଯେ ତାହାରେ ପରାଜିତ ସେ ଦାସ।

राजर्षयःroyal sages
राजर्षयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजर्षि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
बहवःmany
बहवः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootबहु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तथाthus/likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
बुध्यस्वbe aware; understand; wake up
बुध्यस्व:
TypeVerb
Rootबुध्
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Atmanepada
पार्थिवO king (earth-lord)
पार्थिव:
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थिव
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
राजाa king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवतिbecomes/is
भवति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent Indicative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
तम्him/that (one)
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
जित्वाhaving conquered
जित्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootजि
Formक्त्वा (absolutive), Active
दासःa slave/servant
दासः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदास
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तेनby him/by that
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
पराजितःdefeated/overcome
पराजितः:
TypeVerb
Rootपराजि
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

उतथ्य उवाच

U
Utathya
P
Pārthiva (the king addressed)
R
Rājarṣis
D
Darpa (Arrogance/Pride)
S
Sampatti (Prosperity)
A
Adharma
Ś
Śruti (Vedic revelation)
D
Devas
A
Asuras

Educational Q&A

True sovereignty is inner: a ruler who conquers darpa (arrogant pride) is a real king, while one conquered by pride becomes a slave to it. Prosperity can breed arrogance, and arrogance—rooted in adharma—brings ruin even to the great.

Utathya is instructing a king in the Shanti Parva’s moral counsel. He warns that many royal sages have fallen due to pride, cites Śruti as authority for pride’s dangerous origin, and urges the king to awaken and practice self-restraint.