Shloka 10
राजवृत्त-रक्षा-प्रणिधि-षाड्गुण्योपदेशः
Royal Conduct, Protection, Intelligence, and Policy Measures
यथा हानुदये राजन् भूतानि शशिसूर्ययो: । अन्धे तमसि मज्जेयुरपश्यन्त: परस्परम्
yathā hānudaye rājan bhūtāni śaśisūryayoḥ | andhe tamasi majjeyur apaśyantaḥ parasparam ||
Vasumanā said: “O King, just as, when the moon and the sun do not rise, living beings would sink into blinding darkness and be unable to see one another, so too, without a ruler, the people fall into confusion. Deprived of guidance and restraint, they collide with one another in mutual harm, and in a short time they are driven toward ruin. Therefore, kingship is presented as a necessary support for social order: it prevents the strong from preying upon the weak and keeps the community from dissolving into suffering and disorder.”
वसुमना उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse teaches that governance is a moral necessity for society: without the regulating presence of a king, people lose clarity and restraint, leading to mutual harm and rapid social collapse—like creatures lost in darkness without the sun and moon.
Vasumanā addresses a king and uses a cosmic simile—no sunrise or moonrise causing total darkness—to illustrate the condition of a realm without a ruler, preparing the ground for a broader discussion of rājadharma (the duties and necessity of kingship).